7 documents found, page 1 of 1
Psychopathic traits and reinforcement learning under acute stress
Carvalheiro, Joana; Conceição, Vasco A.; Mesquita, Ana; Seara-Cardoso, AnaObjective Individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits are often characterized by aberrant reinforcement learning. This type of learning, which implicates making choices that maximize rewards and minimize punishments, may be affected by acute stress. However, how acute stress affects reinforcement learning in individuals with different levels of psychopathic traits is not well-understood. Here, we invest...
Are biodiversity perception and attitudes context dependent? A comparative stud...
Bernardo, Fátima; Loupa-Ramos, Isabel; Carvalheiro, JoanaUrbanization and other human activities have led to habitat destruction and the extinction of a large number of species globally. Despite general acknowledgement that the involvement of citizens in conservation is pivotal to halting the loss of biodiversity, there is still relatively little understanding of the knowledge lay people have of the concept of biodiversity as well as their overall perception of what ...
Acute stress blunts prediction error signals in the dorsal striatum during rein...
Carvalheiro, Joana; Conceicao, Vasco A.; Mesquita, Ana; Seara-Cardoso, AnaAcute stress is pervasive in everyday modern life and is thought to affect how people make choices and learn from them. Reinforcement learning, which implicates learning from the unexpected rewarding and punishing outcomes of our choices (i.e., prediction errors), is critical for adjusted behaviour and seems to be affected by acute stress. However, the neural mechanisms by which acute stress disrupts this type ...
Acute stress impairs reward learning in men
Carvalheiro, Joana; Conceição, Vasco A.; Mesquita, Ana Raquel Marcelino; Seara-Cardoso, AnaAcute stress is ubiquitous in everyday life, but the extent to which acute stress affects how people learn from the outcomes of their choices is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate how acute stress impacts reward and punishment learning in men using a reinforcement-learning task. Sixty-two male participants performed the task whilst under stress and control conditions. We observed that acute stress im...
Acute stress impairs reward learning in men
Carvalheiro, Joana; Conceição, Vasco A.; Mesquita, Ana; Seara Cardoso, AnaAcute stress is ubiquitous in everyday life, but the extent to which acute stress affects how people learn from the outcomes of their choices is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate how acute stress impacts reward and punishment learning in men using a reinforcement-learning task. Sixty-two male participants performed the task whilst under stress and control conditions. We observed that acute stress im...
Psychopathic traits and reinforcement learning under acute stress
Carvalheiro, Joana; Conceição, Vasco A.; Mesquita, Ana; Seara‐Cardoso, AnaObjective: Individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits are often characterized by aberrant reinforcement learning. This type of learning, which implicates making choices that maximize rewards and minimize punishments, may be affected by acute stress. However, how acute stress affects reinforcement learning in individuals with different levels of psychopathic traits is not well-understood. Here, we inves...
Helping Behavior in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) When an Escape Alternative Is Present
Carvalheiro, Joana; Seara-Cardoso, Ana; Mesquita, Ana Raquel Marcelino; de Sousa, Liliana; Oliveira, Pedro; Summavielle, Teresa; Magalhaes, AnaProsocial behavior in rats is known to occur in response to a familiar rat's distress, but the motivations underlying prosocial behavior remain elusive. In this study, we adapted the experimental setting of Ben-Ami Bartal, Decety, and Mason (2011) to explore different motivations behind helping behavior in adolescent rats. In the original setting, a free rat is placed in an arena where a cagemate is trapped ins...