Nanoparticles (NPs) assumed an important role in the area of drug delivery. Despite the number of studies including NPs are growing over the last years, their side effects on the immune system are often ignored or omitted. One of the most studied polymers in the nano based drug delivery system field is chitosan (Chit). In the scientific literature, although the physicochemical properties [molecular weight (MW) ...
Poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable polyester that has FDA and CE approval as a medical device. Nonetheless, the lack of toxicity exhibited by the polymer cannot be extrapolated to its nanomaterial conformation. Despite PCL-based NPs being widely studied in the biomedical field for their advantages as controlled drug delivery systems, little data describe PCL NPs' toxicity, particularly immunotox...
The physicochemical properties of nanobiomaterials, such as their small size and high surface area ratio, make them attractive, novel drug-carriers, with increased cellular interaction and increased permeation through several biological barriers. However, these same properties hinder any extrapolation of knowledge from the toxicity of their raw material. Though, as suggested by the Safe-by-Design (SbD) concept,...
Polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer produced from renewable resources, has been widely used as a nanoparticulate platform for antigen and drug delivery. Despite generally regarded as safe, its immunotoxicological profile, when used as a polymeric nanoparticle (NP), is not well-documented. Thus, this study intends to address this gap, by evaluating the toxicity of two different sized...
Current vaccine research is mostly based on subunit antigens. Despite the better toxicity profile of these antigens they are often poorly immunogenic, so adjuvant association has been explored as a strategy to obtain a potent vaccine formulation. Recently, mast cell activators were recognized as a new class of vaccine adjuvants capable of potentiating mucosal and systemic immune responses. In this study, a co-a...
ABSTRACT - A 11-month-old, intact male, Rhodesian Ridgeback was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with signs of inappetence, lethargy, and abdominal pain for 3 days. A large and well-defined abdominal retroperitoneal mass, related with the left kidney, at the expected location of the adrenal gland, was revealed by radiography, ultrasound, and computed tomography. The mass extended caudally to the il...
Apesar de as avaliações sistémicas sobre “risco” remontarem ao quarto século antes de Cristo, ou seja, à civilização Babilónica, a área de estudo que podemos designar enquanto “comunicação do risco” é muito recente. De facto, somente nas últimas décadas do século passado podem ser encontradas referências explícitas na literatura especializada acerca da “comunicação do risco”. Assim, a paredes meias c...
O uso de plantas medicinais é uma tendência generalizada na medicina popular. O género Plectranthus pertence à família das Lamiaceae tal como a salva (Salvia), o manjericão (Ocimum) e a hortelã (Mentha), que apresentam uma grande diversidade de usos etnobotânicos. No presente trabalho, foram avaliadas as atividades antimicrobiana e antioxidante de extractos de cinco espécies do género Plectranthus: P. hadiensis...