Cork oaks usually become productive after 20 years of age. To shorten this period, fertirrigation has been tested to enhance tree vitality and growth, thus anticipating cork stripping. This study aims to determine the economic and financial indicators of this afforestation technique compared to rainfed indicators. Simulations were conducted based on information gathered from fertirrigated and rainfed stands, as...
Cork oak (Quercus suber) woodlands are distributed across the western Mediterranean. Renowned for their cork, their most iconic product is the stopper, essential for the wine industry. Cork is also extensively used in civil construction, aerospace, and sports industries. The renewable nature of cork allows harvesting every 9 to 10 years, with trees living for approximately two centuries and being debarked up to...
This study investigates the effect of the spatial distribution of soil water and nutrients on cork oak (Quercus suber) architecture. Fertirrigation is being tested in cork oak plantations to accelerate tree growth up to the production stage. To assess the impact of wet bulb location on tree development, six trees (three subjected to subsurface drip irrigation and three controls) were fully excavated at a sandy ...
Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) mortality events have spurred scientific research into new afforestation techniques, particularly the use of fertigation to accelerate tree growth and hasten the onset of the productive phase when cork stripping becomes feasible. This study examines the effects of fertigation on the development of root and aerial systems, with the objective of determining if fertigation can eventuall...
We analyzed the dynamics of floristic diversity and soil characteristics in a 10-year-old fertirrigated cork oak (Quercus suber) stand, a species of high ecological, social, and economic importance in the Mediterranean region. Given the decline of cork oak in recent decades, long-term research on newly established stands using fertirrigation was initiated to accelerate tree growth until productive maturity. The...
Prefácio: Em Portugal Continental, segundo os dados do 6º Inventário Florestal Nacional (IFN6)(ICNFa), os espaços florestais (floresta, matos e improdutivos) ocupam 6,2 milhões de hectares (69,4%) do território, ocupando a floresta uma área de 3,2 milhões de hectares. Os “montados”, os sobreirais e os azinhais constituem a principal ocupação florestal, com 1.069.300 hectares, representando cerca de 1/3 da flore...
The bark of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) is mostly used for cork stopper production; when bark undergoes a series of industrial procedures, boiling usually leads to changes in the characteristics of its tissue. Trees are traditionally grown under natural conditions; however, irrigation is now being used in plantations. This permanent water availability affects cork oak development, while its effects on industria...
This study is the beginning of the first long-term study on cork oak irrigation under field conditions, with a structural-functional approach. Cork oaks are currently facing disturbances affecting cork quality and quantity, jeopardizing the future of the economic sector. There is a need for new production techniques that maximize cork oak growth and vitality. In this study, irrigation was implemented in a new i...
Abstract Chronic decline and Sudden death are two syndromes of cork oak (Quercus suber) dieback. Mortality is associated with water stress, but underlying physiological mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the physiological performance of declining trees during the summer drought. Leaf water potential, gas-exchange, fluorescence of photosystem II and leaf and root starch concentration were co...
Mortality events in cork and holm oaks have occurred in the Mediterranean basin since the beginning of the XX century, but severity of decline increased during the 1980s. By that time, the exotic soil borne pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi was often recovered from declining stands and since then it has been considered the main factor associated with decline. This work analyses data concerning P. cinnamomi survey...