Abstract Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. ADEM should be suspected when a patient develops multifocal neurologic abnormalities with encephalopathy, especially if occurring after a viral infection or immunization. In this study, the authors describe two cases of ADEM with positive anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodie...
ABSTRACT Objective: Permanent access in the form of a fistula is the preferred form of vascular access for most pediatric patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) therapy; however, the technical aspects of the procedure that are unique to the pediatric population, the expectation of a short waiting time for kidney transplantation and the need to cannulate every other day (with the pain and fear associated with...
Background: In children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, rituximab can maintain short-term remission allowing steroids and calcineurin inhibitors taper. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all children receiving rituximab for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome at a tertiary hospital. All patients, except one who received a single dose, had four infusions of 375mg/m2 of rituximab at a one-week interval, minimum f...
The Nutcracker Syndrome (NS) originates from the compression of the left renal vein in its trajectory, mostly between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, or less frequently between the aorta and the lumbar spine. Although asymptomatic in most cases, it can be a rare cause of hematuria. We present the case of an 11-year-old male adolescent who was referred to a Pediatric Nephrology evaluation for a two...
Introdução: A insuficiência renal crónica terminal está associada a numerosas comorbilidades e a um aumento do risco de mortalidade cerca de 30 vezes superior à população pediátrica geral. O primeiro transplante renal bem sucedido em crianças foi realizado em 1954. Os progressos cirúrgicos e as novas terapêuticas imunossupressoras aumentaram a sobrevida dos doentes e do enxerto renal nos últimos anos. Objectivo...
Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome is caused by alternative complement pathway dysregulation. It has recently been recognised that most cases are due to genetic factors and a growing list of mutations has been described. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome is associated with a dismal prognosis, a relapsing course, high acute mortality and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease. We describe a five-ye...
Tenofovirrenal toxicity, particularly when associated with other antiretrovirals, has been reported in the adult HIV-positive population. Reports in HIVpositive children are very rare. The authors report a paediatric case of nephrotoxicity associated with tenofovir and didanosine, emtricitabine and lopinavirritonavir coadministration. A 12-year-old girl with AIDS (clinical stage C) with a multidrug-resistant vi...
Introdução: As crianças com síndrome nefrótico (SN) têm um risco aumentado de complicações tromboembólicas. Caso clínico: Adolescente de 12 anos, sexo masculino, com síndrome nefrótico corticorresistente, medicado com prednisolona, ciclosporina, omeprazol, enalapril e ácido acetilsalicílico. Internado por quadro clínico de anasarca e oligúria com boa resposta clínica inicial à perfusão diária de albumina. Ao qu...