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Exploring the toxicity effects of 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) on the morphoph...
António, João; Langa, Ivan; Carvalho, Ana; Vidal, Renata; Tiritan, Maria; Ribeiro, CláudiaBackground: The constant discharge of several potentially harmful compounds to the environment raises significant concerns about the risk of toxicity to non-target organisms and human health [1,2]. The 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) is a chiral synthetic cathinone belonging to the group of new psychoactive substances (NPS) [3]. After consumption, this substance and/or its metabolites are excreted in urine, reach...
Ecotoxicity effects of 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) on the swimming behaviour ...
António, João; Langa, Ivan; Carvalho, Ana; Vidal, Renata; Tiritan, Maria; Ribeiro, CláudiaBackground: The continuous release of various compounds can have potentially harmful effects on non-target organisms, raising concerns about the ecosystem and human health (1,2). 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) is a chiral synthetic cathinone, classified as a new psychoactive substance (NPS) with similar effects to amphetamines and posing potential toxicological risks (3). After consumption, 3-CMC and its met...
Enantioseparationof 3-chloromethcathinone by liquid chromatography at the milli...
Langa, Ivan; Ribeiro, Cláudia; Gonçalves, Virgínia; Dias da Silva, Diana; Cravo, Sara; Tiritan, Maria; Dias da Silva, Diana CristinaThe most prominent synthetic cathinone (SCAT)is 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC), accounting for 34% and 63.41% of the total seized new psychoactive substances (NPS) in Europe in 2021 and 2022, respectively [1, 2].Over the latest years, since the first identification on the European drug market in September 2014 in Sweden, 3-CMC has gained significant popularity among the younger drug users [3]. Moreover, 3-CMC is...
Enantiomeric biodistribution and toxicity of 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) in W...
Langa, Ivan; Rocha-Pereira, Carolina; Milhazes, Nuno; Dias da Silva, Diana; Domingues, Susana; Silva, Paula; Barbosa, Joana; Faria, JulianaBackground: There has been a surge in global attention to New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) [1]. Synthetic cathinones stand out as a widely consumed NPS class. Notably, 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) accounted for over 34% of NPS seizures in 2021 [2], which underscores concerns regarding its consumption and health effects. Of note, 3-CMC is chiral and mostly sold as a racemate. As human metabolism and pharm...
Enantiomeric biodistribution and toxicity of 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) in W...
Langa, Ivan; Rocha-Pereira, Carolina; Milhazes, Nuno; Silva, Diana Dias da; Domingues, Susana; Silva, Paula; Barbosa, Joana; Faria, JulianaThere has been a surge in global attention to New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) [1]. Synthetic cathinones stand out as a widely consumed NPS class. Notably, 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC) accounted for over 34% of NPS seizures in 2021 [2], which underscores concerns regarding its consumption and health effects. Of note, 3-CMC is chiral and mostly sold as a racemate. As human me-tabolism and pharmacological effec...
Toxicity of the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and its enantiomers to Daphni...
Costa, Ana Rita; Gonçalves, Virgínia M. F.; Castro, Bruno B.; Carrola, João Soares; Langa, Ivan; Pereira, Ariana; Carvalho, Ana RitaMDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a chiral psychoactive recreational drug sold in illicit markets as racemate. Studies on the impact of MDMA on aquatic organisms are scarce. While enantioselectivity in toxicity in animals and humans has been reported, none is reported on aquatic organisms. This study aimed to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of MDMA and its enantiomers in <i>Daphnia magna</i>....
Enantioselectivity in the ecotoxicity of amphetamine using daphnia magna as the...
Ribeiro, Cláudia; Gomes, Cristiano; Pérez-Pereira, Ariana; Carrola, João Soares; Tiritan, Maria Elizabeth; Langa, Ivan; Couto, CristinaAmphetamine (AMP) is a chiral psychoactive substance that exhibits enantioselectivity in its pharmacological properties. It has been detected in wastewaters and surface waters and can occur as enantiomeric mixtures, but little is known about its environmental risk and potential enantioselective toxicity to aquatic organisms. Our study aimed to target enantioselectivity in AMP toxicity to the freshwater inverteb...