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Plasma Lipocalin 2 in Alzheimer's disease: potential utility in the differentia...

Hermann, Peter; Villar-Piqué, Anna; Schmitz, Matthias; Schmidt, Christian; Varges, Daniela; Goebel, Stefan; Bunck, Timothy; Lindemann, Hanna

Background: Lipocalin-2 is a glycoprotein that is involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. In the brain, it is expressed in response to vascular and other brain injury, as well as in Alzheimer’s disease in reactive microglia and astrocytes. Plasma Lipocalin-2 has been proposed as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease but available data is scarce and inconsistent. Thus, we evaluated plas...


Increased C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Ca...

Andrés-Benito, Pol; Povedano, Mònica; Domínguez, Raúl; Marco, Carla; Colomina, Maria J.; López-Pérez, Óscar; Santana, Isabel; Baldeiras, Inês

Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Biomarkers are useful to facilitate the diagnosis and/or prognosis of patients and to reveal possible mechanistic clues about the disease. This study aimed to identify and validate selected putative biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sALS patients at early disease s...


Cerebrospinal fluid lipocalin 2 as a novel biomarker for the differential diagn...

Llorens, Franc; Hermann, Peter; Villar-Piqué, Anna; Diaz-Lucena, Daniela; Nägga, Katarina; Hansson, Oskar; Santana, Isabel; Schmitz, Matthias

The clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) is based on imaging criteria, and specific biochemical markers are not available. Here, we investigated the potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted glycoprotein that has been suggested as mediating neuronal damage in vascular brain injuries. The study included four independent cohorts with a total n = 472 samples. LCN2 was significa...


Evaluation of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Malate Dehydrogenase 1 as a Marker in G...

Zerr, Inga; Villar-Piqué, Anna; Schmitz, Vanda Edit; Poleggi, Anna; Pocchiari, Maurizio; Sánchez-Valle, Raquel; Calero, Miguel; Calero, Olga

The exploration of accurate diagnostic markers for differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is an ongoing topic. A previous study on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) patients revealed a highly significant upregulation of MDH1. Here, we measured the CSF levels of MDH1 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a cohort of...


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