18 documents found, page 1 of 2
Is there an early morphological decomposition during L2 lexical access? A meta-...
Fernandes, Ana Isabel; Luna, Karlos; Soares, Ana Paula; Comesaña, MontserratA considerable body of experimental data currently exists on the representation and processing of derived words. However, no theoretical account has led to a consensus so far, due in part to inconsistencies in empirical results which show either the presence or the absence of signs of early morphological decomposition during lexical access. In this paper, we present the results of a meta-analysis that sought to...
The mechanisms underlying grammatical gender selection in language production: ...
Rita Sa-Leite, Ana; Luna, Karlos; Tomaz, Angela; Fraga, Isabel; Comesaña, MontserratGrammatical gender retrieval during language production has been largely addressed through the picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm, with the aim of capturing the so-called gender congruency effect (GCE). In the PWI paradigm, participants name target pictures while ignoring superimposed written distractor nouns. The GCE shows faster responses when target and distractor nouns share the same gender than when ...
Do beliefs about font size affect retrospective metamemory judgments in additio...
Luna, Karlos; Albuquerque, Pedro BarbasBeliefs about how memory works explain several effects on prospective metamemory judgments (e.g., the effect of font size on judgments of learning; JOLs). Less is known about the effect of beliefs on retrospective judgments (i.e., confidence). Here, we tested whether font size also affects confidence ratings and whether beliefs play a similar role in confidence than in JOLs. In two experiments, participants stu...
The Gender Congruency Effect across languages in bilinguals: A meta-analysis
Dias, Ana Rita Sá Leite; Luna, Karlos; Fraga Isabel; Comesaña, MontserratIn the study of gender representation and processing in bilinguals, two contrasting perspectives exist: integrated vs. the autonomous (Costa, Kovacic, Fedorenko, & Caramazza, 2003). In the former, cross-linguistic interactions during the selection of grammatical gender values are expected; in the latter, they are not. To address this issue, authors have typically explored the cross-linguistic Gender Congruency ...
Do incompatible alternatives in a testimony affect witness credibility?
Luna, Karlos; Albuquerque, Pedro BarbasThe qualitative regulation of grain size allows witnesses to increase the accuracy of their reports by adding alternatives (e.g., "the robber concealed his face with a mask, with a stocking, or with a balaclava"). However, such answers may include incompatible alternatives which may make police officers and juries distrust witnesses. In four preregistered experiments, we tested the effect of information with in...
Words in larger font are perceived as more important: explaining the belief tha...
Luna, Karlos; Nogueira, Marlene; Albuquerque, Pedro BarbasWords presented in larger font size are considered more memorable and rated with higher judgments of learning (JOLs). One explanation for this phenomenon is that people believe that font size affects memory. However, it is not clear why people hold this belief. One alternative is that font size represents importance, with larger fonts implying more relevant information. More important information is judged as m...
Word frequency effects on judgments of learning: more than just beliefs
Mendes, Pedro S.; Luna, Karlos; Albuquerque, Pedro BarbasJudgments of learning (JOLs) are usually higher for high-frequency words than for low-frequency words, which has been attributed to beliefs about how word frequency affects memory. The main goal of the present study was to explore if identifying word frequency as a relevant cue is necessary for it to affect JOLs. The idea is that for one to base judgments in beliefs of how a variable affects memory, one must fi...
Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion: a replication of ...
Ito, Hiroshi; Barzykowski, Krystian; Grzesik, Magdalena; Gulgoz, Sami; Gurdere, Ceren; Janssen, Steve M. J.; Khor, Jessie; Rowthorn, HarrietWe examined the replicability of the co-witness suggestibility effect originally reported by Garry et al. (2008) by testing participants from 10 countries (Brazil, Canada, Colombia, India, Japan, Malaysia, Poland, Portugal, Turkey, and the United Kingdom; total N=486). Pairs of participants sat beside each other, viewing different versions of the same movie while believing that they viewed the same version. Lat...
Cognitive load eliminates the effect of perceptual information on judgments of ...
Luna, Karlos; Albuquerque, Pedro Barbas; Martin-Luengo, BeatrizItems presented in large font are rated with higher judgments of learning (JOLs) than those presented in small font. According to current explanations of this phenomenon in terms of processing fluency or implicit beliefs, this effect should be present no matter the type of material under study. However, we hypothesized that the linguistic cues present in sentences may prevent using font size as a cue for JOLs. ...
Do delayed judgements of learning reduce metamemory illusions? A meta-analysis
Luna, Karlos; Martin-Luengo, Beatriz; Albuquerque, Pedro BarbasPast research has shown that the perceptual characteristics of studied items (e.g., font size) lead to a metamemory illusion, and that delayed judgements of learning (JOLs) are better predictors of memory performance than immediate JOLs. Here, we tested whether delayed JOLs could reduce or eliminate the effect of perceptual characteristics on JOLs and restudy decisions. We adopted a meta-analytic approach and a...