The green economy aims to substitute polluting chemicals and processes with sustainable counterparts deriving from microbial cell factories that provide catalytic specificity and efficient conversions. In this manuscript, we explore how the bio-based production of chemicals enables the production of valuable molecules while reducing contemporary society's dependence on fossil fuels thereby alleviating part of t...
The green economy aims to substitute polluting chemicals and processes with sustainable counterparts deriving from microbial cell factories that provide catalytic specificity and efficient conversions. In this manuscript, we explore how the bio-based production of chemicals enables the production of valuable molecules while reducing contemporary society's dependence on fossil fuels thereby alleviating part of t...
Fatty acids are produced by eukaryotes like baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mainly using a large multifunctional type I fatty acid synthase (FASI) where seven catalytic steps and a carrier domain are shared between one or two protein subunits. While this system may offer efficiency in catalysis, only a narrow range of fatty acids are produced. Prokaryotes, chloroplasts and mitochondria rely instead on a ...
The bacteria Escherichia coli and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are currently the two most important organisms in synthetic biology. E. coli is almost always used for fundamental DNA manipulation, while yeast is the simplest host system for studying eukaryotic gene expression and performing large-scale DNA assembly. Yeast expression studies may also require altering the chromosomal DNA by homologous recomb...
Carbohydrate rich substrates such as lignocellulosic hydrolysates remain one of the primary sources of potentially renewable fuel and bulk chemicals. The pentose sugar D-xylose is often present in significant amounts along with hexoses. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acquire the ability to metabolize D-xylose through expression of heterologous D-xylose isomerase (XI). This enzyme is notoriously difficult to expre...
Carbohydrate rich substrates such as lignocellulosic hydrolysates remain one of the primary sources of potentially renewable fuel and bulk chemicals. The pentose sugar D-xylose is often present in significant amounts along with hexoses. For low value/high volume products, yield is of paramount importance for process economy. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acquire the ability to metabolize D-xylose through express...
Renewable sugar rich feedstocks such as lignocellulosic hydrolysates remain one of the primary sources of potentially renewable fuel and bulk chemicals. The pentose sugar D-xylose is often present in significant amounts along with hexoses such as glucose and galactose. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acquire the ability to metabolize D-xylose through expression of heterologous D-xylose isomerase (XI). Th...
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Malonyl coenzyme A (Malonyl-CoA) is an important precursor for a range of economically valuable compounds such as biodiesel, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, fatty alcohols, flavonoids, stilbenoids and polyketides. Even though Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most used cell factories for the production of a variety of compounds, it is limited in its ability to generate malonyl-CoA and derived products. In this ye...
D-Xylose Isomerase (XI) is a key enzyme for the metabolism of D-xylose in renewable carbohydrate rich feedstocks such as lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The widely used industrial organism baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can metabolize xylose upon heterologous expression of this enzyme. This enzyme is notoriously difficult to express in S. cerevisiae and only about ten active genes are known from prokaryot...