40 documents found, page 1 of 4

Extracellular vesicles derived from osteogenically induced human bone marrow me...

The effective osteogenic commitment of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is critical for bone regenerative therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from hBMSCs have a regenerative potential that has been increasingly recognized. Herein, the osteoinductive potential of osteogenically induced hBMSC-EVs was examined. hBMSCs secreted negatively charged nanosized vesicles (⠼35 nm) with EV-r...

Deciphering the contribution of biofilm to the pathogenesis of peritoneal dialy...

Infections are major complications in peritoneal dialysis (PD) with a multifactorial etiology that comprises patient, microbial and dialytic factors. This study aimed at investigating the contribution of microbial biofilms on PD catheters to recalcitrant infections and their interplay with PD related-factors. A prospective observational study was performed on 47 patients attending Centro Hospitalar of Porto and...

Reinforcement of poly-L-lactic acid electrospun membranes with strontium borosi...

Herein, for the first time, we combined poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) with a strontium borosilicate bioactive glass (BBG-Sr) using electrospinning to fabricate a composite bioactive PLLA membrane loaded with 10% (w/w) of BBG-Sr glass par- ticles (PLLA-BBG-Sr). The composites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microcomputer tomography (μ-CT), and the results showed that we successfully fab...

Dominant negative effect of polyglutamine expansion perturbs normal function of...

The physiological function of Ataxin-3 (ATXN3), a deubiquitylase (DUB) involved in Machado–Joseph Disease (MJD), remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that ATXN3 is required for neuronal differentiation and for normal cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, proliferation and survival of SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells. This cellular phenotype is associated with increased proteasomal degradation of a5 integr...

Peritoneal dialysis infections : an opportunity for improvement

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) cathetereassociated infections remain a challenging cause of technique failure. Patient training and preventive measures are key elements in the management of infection rates. Twenty-seven of the 167 PD catheter transfer sets analyzed (19%) yielded a positive microbial culture (58% gram-negative bacteria). These results show that subclinical contamination, particularly from environmenta...

Advanced antibacterial wound dressing produced with natural-origin materials

Update on the challenging role of biofilms in peritoneal dialysis

Biofilms are commonly associated with an increased risk of patient infection. In peritoneal dialysis (PD), catheter associ- ated infection, especially peritonitis, remains a clinically relevant problem. Although the presence of a biofilm is recog- nized in relapsing, repeat, and catheter-related peritonitis, it remains poorly characterized. In this review, an update on the role of biofilms in PD infections is p...

Extracellular DNA release acts as an antifungal resistance mechanism in mature ...

Aspergillus fumigatus has been shown to form biofilms that are associated with adaptive antifungal resistance mechanisms. These include multidrug efflux pumps, heat shock proteins, and extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM is a key structural and protective component of microbial biofilms and in bacteria has been shown to contain extracellular DNA (eDNA). We therefore hypothesized that A. fumigatus biofilms also poss...

In vitro and computational studies of transdermal perfusion of nanoformulations...

Transdermal perfusion of a large protein is reported for the first time, using a nanoemulsion of bovine serum albumin (66 kDa) of 160 nm prepared by a solid-in-oil (S/O) process. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed skin permeation by these formulations, with integration of the protein into the lipid bilayers. These results demonstrate the real possibility of delivering large proteins transdermally for a ra...

Effect of exogenous administration of Candida albicans autoregulatory alcohols ...

Candida albicans supernatants contain a mixture of autoregulatory alcohols. In vitro, when added individually or in combination, these alcohols inhibit the yeast to filamentous form conversion. Here we evaluate the in vivo effect of the exogenous administration of a Cocktail solution simulating the composition of alcohols present in a C. albicans culture supernatant(1 ml; 94 μmol l–1 isoamyl alcohol, 70 μmol l–...