Mountain ranges are complex socio-ecological systems recognised as the “undervalued ecological backbone” of Europe as they provided essential ecosystem services and goods. However, we lack a deep understanding on their vulnerability to both environmental and social drivers. We carried out a stakeholder-based study assessing the vulnerability of 23 land-use systems supporting a wide range of value chains in Euro...
Cork oak woodlands are socio-ecosystems recognized as biodiversity hotspots, a fundamental economic source for companies and local communities as well as an identitarian landscape for residents and visitors. Cork oak woodlands, however, are facing tree mortality and lack of regeneration. Considering the oak decline scenario, we present Iberian cork oak montado/dehesa as a socio-ecosystem facing climate change, ...