6 documents found, page 1 of 1
The human dimension of biodiversity changes on islands
Nogué, Sandra; Santos, Ana M. C.; Birks, H. John B.; Björck, Svante; Castilla-Beltrán, Alvaro; Connor, Simon; de Boer, Erik J.; Nascimento, Lea deIslands are among the last regions on Earth settled and transformed by human activities, and they provide replicated model systems for analysis of how people affect ecological functions. By analyzing 27 representative fossil pollen sequences encompassing the past 5000 years from islands globally, we quantified the rates of vegetation compositional change before and after human arrival. After human arrival, rate...
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril
Fernández-Palacios, José María; Kreft, Holger; Irl, Severin D. H.; Norder, Sietze J.; Ah-Peng, Claudine; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Burns, Kevin C.Despite islands contributing only 6.7% of land surface area, they harbor ~20% of the Earth’s biodiversity, but unfortunately also ~50% of the threatened species and 75% of the known extinctions since the European expansion around the globe. Due to their geological and geographic history and characteristics, islands act simultaneously as cradles of evolutionary diversity and museums of formerly widespread lineag...
Tracing insular woodiness in giant Daucus (s.l.) fruit fossils from the Early P...
Góis-Marques, Carlos A.; Nascimento, Lea de; Fernández‐Palacios, José María; Madeira, José; Sequeira, Miguel Menezes dePlants on oceanic islands can evolve insular syndromes such as secondary woodiness, a generalized trend found in island floras worldwide. This phenomenon occurs through evolution in situ. It is triggered by ecological and physiological stimuli that trans form herbaceous annuals into woody perennials. However, well-dated and informative fossils that could help track and frame the evo lution of this syndrome are ...
Global change in microcosms: environmental and societal predictors of land cove...
Norder, Sietze J.; Lima, Ricardo F. de; Nascimento, Lea de; Lim, Jun Y.; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Romeiras, Maria M.; Elias, Rui BentoIslands contribute enormouslytoglobalbiodiversity,buttheir speciesandecosystems arehighly threatened and often confined to small patches of remaining native vegetation. Islands are thus ideal microcosms to study the local dimensions of global change. While human activities have drastically transformed most islands,the extentto which societal and environmental conditions shape differences in land cover remains u...
Eurya stigmosa (Theaceae), a new and extinct record for the Calabrian stage of ...
Góis-Marques, Carlos A.; Mitchell, Ria L.; Nascimento, Lea de; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Madeira, José; Sequeira, Miguel Menezes deThe general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography (GDM) predicts the immigration, speciation and extinction of terrestrial biota through geological time on oceanic islands. Additionally, the glacial sensitive model of island biogeography (GSM) also predicts extinction due to eustatic and climate change within islands. However, well-documented and natural pre-Holocene plant extinctions are almost unknown ...
The Quaternary plant fossil record from the volcanic Azores Archipelago (Portug...
Góis-Marques, Carlos A.; Nascimento, Lea de; Sequeira, Miguel Menezes de; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Madeira, JoséPlant fossils are known from the Azores Islands, yet poorly studied. We present a comprehensive bibliographical review for the archipelago. A first pre-scientific reference dates from late fifteenth century, while the first scientific description was reported in 1821, accounting for trunks in pyroclastic units and silicified plants within hydrothermal deposits. Throughout the second-half of the nineteenth centu...