11 documents found, page 1 of 2
14,000 years of climatic and anthropogenic change in the Afromontane forest of ...
Castilla-Beltrán, Alvaro; F. De Lima, Ricardo; Benitez Bosco, Laura; Castillo Armas, Rosa Delia; Strandberg, Nichola; Stévart, Tariq; de Nascimento, LeaSão Tomé (Gulf of Guinea, Central Africa) is a 854 km2 tropical island that had a pivotal role in early European colonial expansion through the Atlantic between the 15th and 16th centuries. Historical sources suggest that native vegetation has been heavily impacted since human arrival (1470 CE) due to monoculture economies and the introduction of mammals and plants, some of which now have established wild popul...
Macaronesia as a Fruitful Arena for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology
Florencio, Margarita; Patiño, Jairo; Nogué, Sandra; Traveset, Anna; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Schaefer, Hanno; Amorim, Isabel R.; Arnedo, Miquel A.Research in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and outline promising research avenues enhancing conservation. Some of these discoveries indicate that the Macaronesian flora and fauna are composed of rather young lineages, not Tertiary relicts, predominantly of European origin. Macaronesia also...
The human dimension of biodiversity changes on islands
Nogué, Sandra; Santos, Ana M. C.; Birks, H. John B.; Björck, Svante; Castilla-Beltrán, Alvaro; Connor, Simon; de Boer, Erik J.; Nascimento, Lea deIslands are among the last regions on Earth settled and transformed by human activities, and they provide replicated model systems for analysis of how people affect ecological functions. By analyzing 27 representative fossil pollen sequences encompassing the past 5000 years from islands globally, we quantified the rates of vegetation compositional change before and after human arrival. After human arrival, rate...
Effects of halocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosyst...
Castilla-Beltrán, Alvaro; Nascimento, Lea; Fernández-Palacios, José Maria; Whittaker, Robert J.; Romeiras, Maria M.; Cundy, Andrew B.; Edwards, MaryAim: Palaeoecological data provide an essential long-term perspective of ecological change and its drivers in oceanic islands. However, analysing the effects of multi-scalar and potentially co-occurring disturbances is particularly challenging in dry islands. Here, we aim to identify the ecological consequences of the integrated impacts of a regional drying trend, volcanic eruptions and human mass migrations in...
Macaronesia as a fruitful arena for ecology, evolution and conservation biology
Florencio, Margarita; Patiño, Jairo; Nogué, Sandra; Traveset, Anna; Borges, Paulo A.V.; Schaefer, Hanno; Amorim, Isabel R.; Arnedo, MiguelResearch in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and outline promising research avenues enhancing conservation. Some of these discoveries indicate that the Macaronesian flora and fauna are composed of rather young lineages, not Tertiary relicts, predominantly of European origin. Macaronesia also...
Global change in microcosms : environmental and societal predictors of land cov...
Norder, Sietze; Lima, Ricardo F.; Nascimento, Lea; Lim, Jun Y.; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Romeiras, Maria M.; Elias, Rui B.; Cabezas, Francisco J.Islands contribute enormously to global biodiversity, but their species and ecosystems are highly threatened and often confined to small patches of remaining native vegetation. Islands are thus ideal microcosms to study the local dimensions of global change. While human activities have drastically transformed most islands, the extent to which societal and environmental conditions shape differences in land cover...
Global change in microcosms: Environmental and societal predictors of land cove...
Norder, Sietze J.; F. De Lima, Ricardo; de Nascimento, Lea; Lim, Jun Y.; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Romeiras, Maria M.; Elias, Rui B.Islands contribute enormously to global biodiversity, but their species and ecosystems are highly threatened and often confined to small patches of remaining native vegetation. Islands are thus ideal microcosms to study the local dimensions of global change. While human activities have drastically transformed most islands, the extent to which societal and environmental conditions shape differences in land cover...
Global change in microcosms: environmental and societal predictors of land cove...
Norder, Sietze J.; Lima, Ricardo F. de; Nascimento, Lea de; Lim, Jun Y.; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Romeiras, Maria M.; Elias, Rui BentoIslands contribute enormouslytoglobalbiodiversity,buttheir speciesandecosystems arehighly threatened and often confined to small patches of remaining native vegetation. Islands are thus ideal microcosms to study the local dimensions of global change. While human activities have drastically transformed most islands,the extentto which societal and environmental conditions shape differences in land cover remains u...
Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with ...
Steinbauer, Manuel J.; Field, Richard; Grytnes, John-Arvid; Trigas, Panayiotis; Ah-Peng, Claudine; Attorre, Fabio; Birks, H. John B.AIM: Higher-elevation areas on islands and continental mountains tend to be separated by longer distances, predicting higher endemism at higher elevations; our study is the first to test the generality of the predicted pattern. We also compare it empirically with contrasting expectations from hypotheses invoking higher speciation with area, temperature and species richness. Location Thirty-two insular and 18 co...
Cómo la Macaronesia ha influido en nuestra perspectiva sobre los ecosistemas in...
Santos, Ana M. C.; Florencio, Margarita; Nogué, Sandra; Patiño, Jairo; Traveset, Anna; Borges, Paulo A. V.Actualmente el estudio de los ecosistemas insulares está pasando por un momento de constantes avances, siendo muchas de las nuevas y relevantes aportaciones fruto de estudios desarrollados en la Macaronesia (Azores, Canarias, Cabo Verde y Madeira). Ésta ha sido la mayor motivación para que el IBIG (Island Biology Interest Group – grupo de interés especial dentro de la AEET y de la SPECO) organizara un simposio ...