77 documents found, page 1 of 8

Liraglutide Protects Against Brain Amyloid-β1-42 Accumulation in Female Mice wi...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, being characterized by the deposition of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (enriched in the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), respectively) and memory loss. Aging, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and female sex (especially after menopause) are risk factors for AD, but their crosslinking mechanisms remain unclear. Mo...

Dual Therapy with Liraglutide and Ghrelin Promotes Brain and Peripheral Energy ...

Neuronal loss alongside altered energy metabolism, are key features of Huntington's disease (HD) pathology. The orexigenic gut-peptide hormone ghrelin is known to stimulate appetite and affect whole body energy metabolism. Liraglutide is an efficient anti-type 2 diabetes incretin drug, with neuroprotective effects alongside anorectic properties. Combining liraglutide with the orexigenic peptide ghrelin may pote...

Assessment of fight outcome is needed to activate socially driven transcription...

Group living animals must be able to express different behavior profiles depending on their social status. Therefore, the same genotype may translate into different behavioral phenotypes through socially driven differential gene expression. However, how social information is translated into a neurogenomic response and what are the specific cues in a social interaction that signal a change in social status are q...

Aβ and NMDAR activation cause mitochondrial dysfunction involving ER calcium re...

Activation of IGF-1 and Insulin Signaling Pathways Ameliorate Mitochondrial Fun...

Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine repeat expansion in the huntingtin protein. Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with energy failure plays an important role in this untreated pathology. In the present work, we used lymphoblasts obtained from HD patients or unaffected parentally related individuals to study the protective role of insulin-like growth f...

Oxidative Stress and Drugs of Abuse: An Update

Drug addiction is a public health and social burden. Presently, the most abused illicit substance is cannabis, followed by amphetamines, cocaine and opioids, with different prevalence in different countries. Several evidences support a role for oxidative stress in the toxicity induced by many drugs of abuse in different organs, such as the brain, heart, liver or kidneys. This leads to oxidation of important cel...

Insulin and IGF-1 improve mitochondrial function in a PI-3K/Akt-dependent manne...

Akt, protein kinase B; ARE, antioxidant response element; Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; CBP, CREB-binding protein; CREB, cAMP response-element (CRE) binding protein; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; DHE, dihydroethidium; Drp1, dynamin-related protein 1 or dynamin 1-like (DNM1L); GCL, glutamate-cysteine ligase; GCLc, glutamate-cysteine catalytic subunit; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, glutathione, ...

Medical Toxicology of Drugs of Abuse

This chapter describes the toxicological properties of the main drugs of abuse, namely alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis. All these drugs share chemical similarities with neuronal endogenous compounds and are thus psychoactive. Besides the nervous system, drugs of abuse affect other body systems, inducing cardiovascular, metabolic, hepatic, renal, respiratory, reproductive, and immune impairm...

Mitochondrial complex I dysfunction induced by cocaine and cocaine plus morphin...

Mitochondrial function and energy metabolism are affected in brains of human cocaine abusers. Cocaine is known to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac and hepatic tissues, but its effects on brain bioenergetics are less documented. Furthermore, the combination of cocaine and opioids (speedball) was also shown to induce mitochondrial dysfunction. In this work, we compared the effects of cocaine and/or mor...

Acute effects of cocaine, morphine and their combination on bioenergetic functi...