Background: Some individuals with migraine fail to respond adequately to preventive treatments, bearing most of migraine burden. The European Headache Federation (EHF) classifies these individuals into resistant migraine (ResM) or refractory migraine (RefM) according to treatment failures, debilitating headache days, and disease duration. We investigated the evolution of these categories over six months in pati...
The new International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP) (1st Edition), a joint venture of the International Headache Society, American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP), Orofacial and Head Pain Special Interest Group (OFHP SIG) of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) and International Network for Orofacial Pain and Related Disorders Methodology (INfORM), lists all causes of orofacial ...
BACKGROUND: Chronic migraine is a highly debilitating condition that is often difficult to manage, particularly in the presence of medication overuse headache. Drugs targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), or its receptor have shown promising results in treating this disorder. METHODS: We searched Pubmed and Embase to identify randomized clinical trials and real-world studies reporting on the use ...
Transient alteration of consciousness is common in the emergency department. Tonic-clonic seizures (TCS) are a frequent presumptive diagnosis, but there is no reliable postictal biological marker. We report the case of a 19-year-old man with two episodes of generalized TCS, four months apart. Both were associated with moderate-to-severe hypophosphatemia (0.9 mg/dL, reference range 3.0-4.5 mg/dL). The investigat...
Cranial autonomic symptoms and neck pain have been reported to be highly prevalent in migraine, although they are rarely considered in clinical evaluation. The aim of this review is to focus on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics of these two symptoms, and their importance in the differential diagnosis between migraines and other headaches. The most common cranial autonomic symptoms ar...
Introdução: Com o objectivo de otimizar os cuidados médicos prestados aos doentes com cefaleias em Portugal, a Sociedade Portuguesa de Cefaleias (SPC) transpôs para a realidade portuguesa as recomendações europeias para organização dos serviços de saúde neste contexto. Nesse documento são calculadas as necessidades de recursos, em termos de serviços de saúde, para garantir um apoio efetivo e de qualidade a este...
Introduction: Aiming to improve the medical care provided to patients with headaches in Portugal, the Portuguese Headache Society (SPC) transposed the European recommendations for the organization of health services for headache to the Portuguese context. This document calculates the need for resources, in terms of health services, to ensure effective and quality support for headache patients, both in terms of ...
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The clinical epidemiology of inherited myopathies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is unknown but likely underdiagnosed due to problems of scientific research and social issues. We report a case series of patients born in SSA, evacuated to Portugal through an international health protocol and seen at a single neuromuscular disorders centre, between January/2004 and August/2021. We identified 9 patients (5 males), 35...
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease typically presents as rapidly progressive dementia. We describe the case of a 59-year-old male patient presenting with sudden onset of central facial palsy and dysarthria, followed by myoclonus of his left upper and lower limbs. Initial brain magnetic resonance showed hyperintensity of the right caudate and putamen on diffusion-weighted imaging and T2 sequences. Cerebrospinal fluid ana...