Amphibian skin has a diversity of substances, such as biogenic amines, alcaloids, steroids, proteins and peptides that evoke many pharmacological effects. In this study it was purified and characterized a factor with a local anesthetic activity. The venom extracted from Bufo paracnemis paratoid glands was dissolved in ethanol (1:5; w:v) and it was kept at 4 °C ovemight. Then the mixture was centrifugated at 500...
Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae) is commonly called the ‘‘ coconut tree ’’ and is the most naturally widespread fruit plant on Earth. Throughout history, humans have used medicinal plants therapeutically, and minerals, plants, and animals have traditionally been the main sources of drugs. The constituents of C. nucifera have some biological effects, such as antihelminthic, anti- in fl ammatory, antinociceptive, ...
Congenital syphilis occurs after transplacentary infection by the agent Treponema pallidum. The consequences of lack of treatment of the newborn can lead to irreversible consequences, such as deafness, blindness and mental retardation. The study aims to update the literature about the complications of congenital syphilis. This is a descriptive study and literature review. Data collection was conducted reviewing...
This work investigated the association of acute ethanol and aminophylline administration on behavioral models of depression and prefrontal monoamine levels (i.e. norepinephrine and dopamine) in mice. The animals received a single dose of ethanol (2 g/kg) or aminophylline (5 or 10 mg/kg) alone or in association. Thirty minutes after the last drug administration, the animals were assessed in behavioral models by ...
This study aimed to investigate behavioral and neurochemical effects of -lipoic acid (100mg/kg or 200mg/kg) alone or associated with L-DOPA using an animal model of Parkinson’s disease induced by stereotaxic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in rat striatum. Motor behavior was assessed by monitoring body rotations induced by apomorphine, open field test and cylinder test. Oxidative stress was accessed by ...
The pharmacological effects of telocinobufagin (TCB), a bufadienolide extracted from Bufo paracnemis parotoid glands by HPLC, were compared to that induced by bupivacaine (BUPI). On guinea-pig isolated ileum, TCB (10-8 to 10-4 M) inhibited both, the electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contraction (with a value of 0.9 ± 0.9 % of the control response at 6x10-4 M), and the contractions elicited by ACh, in a...