Cadmium is considered one of the most toxic metals to aquatic organisms. This naturally occurring metal is found in the environment in low concentrations due to natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions, natural crust erosion and also anthropogenic activities, such as mining and smelting. As a by-product of zinc mining, cadmium can reach aquatic environment through leaching or to rainwater runoff from the m...
The persistent organic pollutant p,p′-DDE, the major metabolite of the insecticide DDT, has displayed evidence of endocrine disruption through the inhibition of androgen binding to androgen receptors in different species. Although p,p′-DDE was continuously detected in wild fish with abnormal gonad development such as intersex, little is known about its mode of action during gonad development in fish. To elucida...
Os diversos compartimentos naturais estão constantemente expostos a vários tipos de contaminantes, bem como a misturas destes compostos, oriundos da actividade humana. Em ecossistemas aquáticos, vários stressores podem actuar em conjunto e causar danos aos organismos. O aumento do uso de pesticidas para fins agrícolas causa demanda a avaliação do risco inerente que estes compostos representam ao atingir o ambie...