11 documents found, page 1 of 2
Happiness maximization is a WEIRD way of living
Krys, Kuba; Kostoula, Olga; Tilburg, Wijnand A. P. van; Mosca, Oriana; Lee, J. Hannah; Maricchiolo, Fridanna; Kosiarczyk, AleksandraPsychological science tends to treat subjective well-being and happiness synonymously. We start from the assumption that subjective well-being is more than being happy to ask the fundamental question: What is the ideal level of happiness? From a cross-cultural perspective, we propose that the idealization of attaining maximum levels of happiness may be especially characteristic of Western, educated, industrial,...
Measuring collective action intention toward gender equality across cultures
Besta, Tomasz; Jurek, Paweł; Olech, Michał; Włodarczyk, Anna; Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Bosson, Jennifer K.; Bender, Michael; Vandello, Joseph A.Collective action is a powerful tool for social change and is fundamental to women and girls’ empowerment on a societal level. Collective action towards gender equality could be understood as intentional and conscious civic behaviors focused on social transformation, questioning power relations, and promoting gender equality through collective efforts. Various instruments to measure collective action intentions...
The role of cultural heterogeneity in strengthening the link between family rel...
Li, Liman Man Wai; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Bond, Michael Harris; Yeung, June Chun; Igou, Eric Raymond; Haas, Brian W.; Stoyanova, StanislavaWe argue that the importance of family relationships for individual well-being varies across societies as a function of a society’s degree of cultural heterogeneity. To examine the role of family relationships, we analyzed the responses from 13,009 participants in 50 societies on their life satisfaction across societies varying in their levels of historical and contemporary cultural heterogeneity. Such heteroge...
Introduction to a culturally sensitive measure of well-being: combining life sa...
Krys, Kuba; Haas, Brian W.; Igou, Eric Raymond; Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra; Kocimska-Bortnowska, Agata; Kwiatkowska, Anna; Lun, Vivian Miu ChiHow can one conclude that well-being is higher in country A than country B, when well-being is being measured according to the way people in country A think about well-being? We address this issue by proposing a new culturally sensitive method to comparing societal levels of well-being. We support our reasoning with data on life satisfaction and interdependent happiness focusing on individual and family, collec...
Family first: evidence of consistency and variation in the value of family vers...
Krys, Kuba; Chun Yeung, June; Haas, Brian W.; van Osch, Yvette; Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra; Kocimska-Zych, Agata; Torres, Claudio; Selim, Heyla A.People care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family’s well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size (N = 12,819) and a greater number of ...
Gendered self-views across 62 countries: a test of competing models
Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Bosson, Jennifer K.; Jurek, Paweł; Besta, Tomasz; Olech, Michał; Vandello, Joseph A.; Bender, Michael; Dandy, JustineSocial role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction...
Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfac...
Krys, Kuba; Yeung, June Chun; Capaldi, Colin A.; Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi; Torres, Claudio; Tilburg, Wijnand A. P. van; Bond, Michael HarrisIn this paper, we introduce the concept of 'societal emotional environment': the emotional climate of a society (operationalized as the degree to which positive and negative emotions are expressed in a society). Using data collected from 12,888 participants across 49 countries, we show how societal emotional environments vary across countries and cultural clusters, and we consider the potential importance of th...
Psychometric properties and correlates of precarious manhood beliefs in 62 nations
Bosson, Jennifer K.; Jurek, Paweł; Vandello, Joseph A.; Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Olech, Michał; Besta, Tomasz; Bender, Michael; Hoorens, VeraPrecarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equalit...
Attributing and Managing the Crisis: Lay Representations in Three European Coun...
Papastamou, Stamos; Chryssochoou, Xenia; Pavlopoulos, Vassilis; Prodromitis, Gerasimos; Poeschl, Gabrielle; Mari, Silvia; Valentim, Joaquim PiresAs part of a larger research project, we asked 1,806 adults from France, Greece, and Italy (in the larger project, Portuguese students were included) to discuss the causes of the current economic crisis and the strategies that should be adopted by the countries to overcome it. The six factors extracted by the factor analysis revealed that the economic crisis was attributed to the depletion of resources, the wea...
Predictors of the Perceived Efficacy of Actions Against Austerity Measures
Poeschl, Gabrielle; Valentim, Joaquim P.; Papastamou, Stamos; Chryssochoou, Xenia; Prodromitis, Gerasimos; Pavlopoulos, Vassilis; Mari, SilviaIn this paper, we analyse the responses of 450 students from Greece, Portugal and Italy, who were asked to assess the efficacy of 32 actions as reactions against the austerity measures implemented to deal with the financial and economic crisis. These actions were organized into six types by a principal component factor analysis, and were ranked as follows from the most effective to the least effective: protecti...