Understanding the pathogenesis of pelvic floor dysfunction (AP) requires extensive knowledge of anatomy. Recent advances in imaging technologies have opened new possibilities for research. However, 30% of surgeries are failures and the main cause is the lack of knowledge of the complex anatomy and the difficulty in diagnosing diseases of this region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomy of the AP n...
Objectives - To evaluate anal sphincter anatomy using three-dimensional ultrasonography (3-DAUS) in incontinent women with vaginal delivery, correlate anatomical findings with symptoms of fecal incontinence and determine the effect of vaginal delivery on anal canal anatomy and function. Methods - Female with fecal incontinence and vaginal delivery were assessed with Wexner’s score, manometry, and 3DAUS. A contr...
PURPOSE: To determine anatomical and functional pelvic floor measurements performed with three-dimensional (3-D) endovaginal ultrasonography in asymptomatic nulliparous women without dysfunctions detected in previous dynamic 3-D anorectal ultrasonography (echo defecography) and to demonstrate the interobserver reliability of these measurements. METHODS: Asymptomatic nulliparous volunteers were submitted to echo...