The search for apatitic calcium phosphate coatings to improve implants osteointegration is, nowadays, preferentially focused in the obtaining of compositions closer to that of the inorganic phase of bone. Silicon and strontium are both present in trace concentrations in natural bone and have been demonstrated, by separate, to significantly improve osteoblastic response on calcium phosphate bioceramics. This wor...
Addressing the problem of vascularization is of vital importance when engineering three-dimensional (3D) tissues. Endothelial cells are increasingly used in tissue-engineered constructs to obtain prevascularization and to enhance in vivo neovascularization. Rat bone marrow stromal cells were cultured in thermoresponsive dishes under osteogenic conditions with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to o...
Vascularization holds the gold key for the effective survival and engraftment of complex engineered tissues and organs for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. The lack of adequate vascularization post-transplantation often results in cell necrosis and ultimate failure and rejection of the engineered construct. Herein, we propose a strategy capable of surpassing this obstacle. Harnessing easy accessibl...
Introduction: Several growth factors (GFs) participate in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and apoptosis. GFs such as VEGF-A and FGF-b are essential to trigger the angiogenic cascade that is crucial for the subsequent steps of new tissue formation.1 Human Platelet lysate (hPL) has been used as an autologous source of GFs.2 Herein, we investigated whether marine-origin polysacchar...
Split-thickness autografts still are the current gold standard to treat skin, upon severe injuries. Nonetheless, autografts are dependent on donor site availability and often associated to poor quality neoskin. The generation of dermal–epidermal substitutes by tissue engineering is seen as a promising strategy to overcome this problematic. However, solutions that can be safely and conveniently transplanted in o...
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals and has found a wide range of applications in human health-related fields, namely cosmetics, pharmaceutical, dental, skin regeneration, ophthalmology, cardiac surgery and orthopaedics. Bovine and porcine bones and skins are the main industrial sources of collagen. However, due to religious constrains on the use of porcine products and to the risk of bovine spongi...
The development of strategies based on the use of scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine(TERM) has been hindered by the inability of researchers to present solutions to overcome problems mainly related with the biocompatibility of materials andin vivoperfusion of the 3D structures. It is in this context that scaffold-free methodologies are being presented as increasingly attractive strategie...
Human adipose tissue has been recently recognized as a potential source of stem cells for regenerative medicine applications, including bone tissue engineering (TE). Despite the gathered knowledge regarding the differentiation potential of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs), in what concerns the endothelial lineage many uncertainties are still present. The existence of a cell subpopulation within t...
In the last decades, marine organisms have been the focus of considerable attention as potential source of valuable materials. Some important examples are β-chitin isolated from the endoskeleton of squids and hydroxyapatite (HA) produced from fish-bones. β-chitin is a structural polysaccharide more reactive than the most common α crystallographic form, thus allowing the production of chitosan with high deacetyl...
Vascularization is the most pressing issue in tissue engineering (TE) since ensuring that engineered constructs are adequately perfused after in vivo transplantation is essential for the construct’s survival. The combination of endothelial cells with current TE strategies seems the most promising approach but doubts persist as to which type of endothelial cells to use. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells have been...