Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for neuronal survival, differentiation, and plasticity. In epilepsy, BDNF exhibits a dual role, exerting both antiepileptic and pro-epileptic effects. The cleavage of its main receptor, full-length tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB-FL), was suggested to occur in status epilepticus (SE) in vitro. Moreover, under excitotoxic conditions, TrkB-FL was found to b...
Background and purpose: Adenosine, through the A1 receptor (A1R), is an endogenous anticonvulsant. The development of adenosine receptor agonists as antiseizure medications has been hampered by their cardiac side effects. A moderately A1R-selective agonist, MRS5474, has been reported to suppress seizures without considerable cardiac action. Hypothesizing that this drug could act through other than A1R and/or th...
Background and objectives: The efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT DBS) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) was demonstrated in the double-blind Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy randomized controlled trial. The Medtronic Registry for Epilepsy (MORE) aims to understand the safety and longer-term effectiveness of ANT DBS therap...
Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to epilepsy; however, patients with epilepsy also have a significantly increased risk of stroke. The way in which epilepsy contributes to the increased risk of stroke is still uncertain and is ill-characterized in neuropathological studies. A neuropathological characterization of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in patients with chronic epilep...
We report the case of a 42-year-old male, without any other personal or familiar relevant background, who was referred to a neurosurgery outpatient clinic due to a yearlong altered right facial sensitivity with paresthesia. Facial hypoesthesia in V1 and V2 divisions of the right trigeminal nerve was noticed. No other deficits were evidenced, and the remaining objective examination was unremarkable, namely for c...
Periventricular nodular heterotopias (PNHs) are malformations of cortical development. These are frequently associated with drug-resistant epilepsy. Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) is usually part of the epilepsy pre-surgical evaluation in order to find the epileptogenic zone (EZ). SEEG-guided radiofrequency-thermocoagulation (RF-TC) has been used to ablate or disrupt the EZ and proved to be effective, wit...
Surgery is the treatment of choice for refractory temporal lobe epilepsies, but unexpected seizure recurrences occur and the AEDs management strategy may be an implicated factor. We evaluated the AEDs management's role in the outcome of post surgical epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Epileptic patients submitted to amigdalohippocampectomy due to HS in Engel class IA 12 months after surgery were...
Aneurysmal bone cyst are controversial osteolytic benign expansive lesions which occur more frequently in the metaphysis of long bones and spine. They are classified as primary or secondary lesions depending on the presence or absence of an associated bone pathology. The engraftment of aneurysmal bone cyst onto benign fibro-osseous lesions is established. However, in the craniofacial complex this combined lesio...