Background: The nephrotoxicity of gadolinium [Gd (III)] has been reported, raising concerns about the safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA). Gd (III) exposure, in renal tubular cells (HK-2), causes apoptosis, and leads to upregulation of genes related to lipogenesis/lipolysis and to signaling pathways related to inflammation/hypoxia [1].Gadoteric acid (Gd-DOTA), a macrocyclic GBCA, appears to be one...
Background: Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) differ in their potential to release gadolinium [Gd (III)], known to be toxic. Gadoteric acid (Gd-DOTA) is a macrocyclic GBCA, with a more stable structure. After GBCA exposure, Gd (III) retention in red blood cells (RBC) and kidney has been reported [1,2]. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, a severe condition found in renal disease patients exposed to GBCA, is as...
Background: There are currently concerns about the safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA), as they can release gadolinium [Gd (III)], known to be toxic. Free Gd (III) deposition at different organs, as kidney and liver, has been reported [1,2]. We found that Gd (III) promotes inflammation and fibrosis in proximal tubular cells [3]. GBCA with macrocyclic structure, as gadoteric acid (Gd-DOTA), are con...