Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a survival rate of 3 to 5 years from the onset of symptoms. ALS treatment is compromised by the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the access of promising biopharmaceutics to the brain, including riluzole, a drug commonly used to treat ALS. To circumvent the BBB and improve the drug brain targeting, nanosystems such...
Osteoporosis is defined by loss of bone mass and deteriorated bone microarchitecture. The present study compared the effects of available pharmacological and non-pharmacological agents for osteoporosis [alendronate (ALE) and concomitant supplementation of vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca)] with the effects of bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation in ovariectomized (OVX) and orchidectomized (ORX) rats. Seven-month...
Adrenaline, which participates in the neuroendocrine response that occurs during stress and perimenopause, may be tumorigenic. This exploratory study aimed at investigating whether non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell lines are able to synthesize adrenaline. The study was carried out in non-tumorigenic (MCF-10A) and tumorigenic (MCF-7) human breast cell lines. Expression of enzymes invol...
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an inborn error of metabolism affecting the last step of cholesterol biosynthesis. It is characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme 7- dehydrocholesterol reductase and accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) in cells and body fluids. Given the similarities between 7DHC and cholesterol, 7DHC can be incorporated into cell membranes in lieu of cholesterol. Nevertheless, du...
Increasing evidence has shown that individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels compared to healthy controls. There is no information regarding 25(OH)D levels and MS in Portugal. Therefore the aim of the current study was to examine the levels of 25(OH)D in a group of patients with MS and in healthy matched controls, as well as the association of 25(OH)D levels with d...
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate iodine intake in portuguese school children in order to inform health authorities of eventual measures to be implemented. Introduction: Iodine is the key element for thyroid hormone synthesis and its deficiency even mild, as found in other European countries, may have deleterious effects in pregnancy resulting in cognitive problems of offsprings. In Portug...