15 documents found, page 1 of 2
Association of leukotriene A4 hydrolase with tuberculosis susceptibility using ...
Rito, T; Ferreira, JC; Cavadas, B; Soares, P; Oliveira, O; Richards, MB; Duarte, R; Pereira, L; Correia-Neves, MLeukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is a key enzyme in the eicosanoid pathway. lta4h locus polymorphisms have previously been linked to tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility and disease outcome in a Vietnamese dataset, but further studies suggested that those results were poorly reproducible. We, therefore, compared the full set of variants (113 SNPs) within the gene in a Portuguese dataset of 112 TB patients and 120 c...
A dispersal of Homo sapiens from southern to eastern Africa immediately precede...
Rito, T; Vieira, D; Silva, M; Conde-Sousa, E; Pereira, L; Mellars, P; Richards, MB; Soares, PAfrica was the birth-place of Homo sapiens and has the earliest evidence for symbolic behaviour and complex technologies. The best-attested early flowering of these distinctive features was in a glacial refuge zone on the southern coast 100–70 ka, with fewer indications in eastern Africa until after 70 ka. Yet it was eastern Africa, not the south, that witnessed the first major demographic expansion, ~70–60 ka,...
A genetic chronology for the Indian Subcontinent points to heavily sex-biased d...
Silva, M; Oliveira, M; Vieira, D; Brandão, A; Rito, T; Pereira, JB; Fraser, RM; Hudson, B; Gandini, F; Edwards, C; Pala, M; Koch, J; Wilson, JFBackground: India is a patchwork of tribal and non-tribal populations that speak many different languages from various language families. Indo-European, spoken across northern and central India, and also in Pakistan and Bangladesh, has been frequently connected to the so-called “Indo-Aryan invasions” from Central Asia ~3.5 ka and the establishment of the caste system, but the extent of immigration at this time ...
Reconciling evidence from ancient and contemporary genomes: a major source for ...
Pereira, JB; Costa, MD; Vieira, D; Pala, M; Bamford, L; Harich, N; Cherni, L; Alshamali, F; Hatina, J; Rychkov, S; Stefanescu, G; King, T; Torroni, AImportant gaps remain in our understanding of the spread of farming into Europe, due partly to apparent contradictions between studies of contemporary genetic variation and ancient DNA. It seems clear that farming was introduced into central, northern, and eastern Europe from the south by pioneer colonization. It is often argued that these dispersals originated in the Near East, where the potential source genet...
Origin and spread of mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U7
Sahakyan, H; Kashani, BH; Tamang, R; Kushniarevich, A; Francis, A; Costa, MD; Pathak, AK; Khachatryan, Z; Sharma, I; van Oven, M; Parik, JHuman mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene huntergatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe. While most haplogroup U subclades are older than 30 thousand years, the comparatively recent coalescence time of the extant variation of haplogroup U7 (~16–19 thous...
Resolving the ancestry of Austronesian-speaking populations
Soares, P; Trejaut, JA; Rito, T; Cavadas, B; Hill, C; Eng, KK; Mormina, M; Brandão, A; Fraser, RM; Wang, T-Y; Loo, J-H; Snell, C; Ko, T-M; Amorim, AThere are two very different interpretations of the prehistory of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA), with genetic evidence invoked in support of both. The "out-of-Taiwan" model proposes a major Late Holocene expansion of Neolithic Austronesian speakers from Taiwan. An alternative, proposing that Late Glacial/postglacial sea-level rises triggered largely autochthonous dispersals, accounts for some otherwise enigmatic...
Quantifying the legacy of the Chinese Neolithic on the maternal genetic heritag...
Brandão, A; Eng, KK; Rito, T; Cavadas, B; Bulbeck, D; Gandini, F; Pala, M; Mormina, M; Hudson, B; White, J; Ko, T-M; Saidin, M; Zafarina, ZThere has been a long-standing debate concerning the extent to which the spread of Neolithic ceramics and Malay-Polynesian languages in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) were coupled to an agriculturally driven demic dispersal out of Taiwan 4000 years ago (4 ka). We previously addressed this question using founder analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region sequences to identify major lineage clusters most ...
Genetic stratigraphy of key demographic events in Arabia
Fernandes, V; Triska, P; Pereira, JB; Alshamali, F; Rito, T; Machado, A; Fajkosova, Z; Cavadas, B; Cerny, V; Soares, P; Richards, MB; Pereira, LAt the crossroads between Africa and Eurasia, Arabia is necessarily a melting pot, its peoples enriched by successive gene flow over the generations. Estimating the timing and impact of these multiple migrations are important steps in reconstructing the key demographic events in the human history. However, current methods based on genome-wide information identify admixture events inefficiently, tending to estim...
The first modern human dispersals across Africa
Rito, T; Richards, MB; Fernandes, V; Alshamali, F; Cerny, V; Pereira, L; Soares, PThe emergence of more refined chronologies for climate change and archaeology in prehistoric Africa, and for the evolution of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), now make it feasible to test more sophisticated models of early modern human dispersals suggested by mtDNA distributions. Here we have generated 42 novel whole-mtDNA genomes belonging to haplogroup L0, the most divergent clade in the maternal line of desc...
A substantial prehistoric European ancestry amongst Ashkenazi maternal lineages
Costa, MD; Pereira, JB; Pala, M; Fernandes, V; Olivieri, A; Achilli, A; Perego, UA; Rychkov, S; Naumova, O; Hatina, J; Woodward, SR; Eng, KKThe origins of Ashkenazi Jews remain highly controversial. Like Judaism, mitochondrial DNA is passed along the maternal line. Its variation in the Ashkenazim is highly distinctive, with four major and numerous minor founders. However, due to their rarity in the general population, these founders have been difficult to trace to a source. Here we show that all four major founders, ~40% of Ashkenazi mtDNA variatio...