Thermal spring waters (TSW) have been employed forntherapeutic purposes across the centuries being increasingly recognized for its unique benefits in skin health, in which immunomodulatory effects play a crucial role. By reviewing the literature, the multifaceted properties of TSW, which arise from its diverse mineral composition as well as its thermal characteristics, revealed the strong potential of these wat...
Since ancient times, thermal spring water has been proven to be beneficial to the skin and to improving dermatologic disorders, explaining its incorporation into cosmetic formulations as an active ingredient. Chaves thermal spring water, from northern Portugal, has been used as a local spa since Roman times, and its customers are satisfied with its medicinal quality. Despite the lack of published evidence on it...