Background Cognitive impairment affects 40-65% of MS patients, encompassing all disease stages and types of clinical courses. This estimation is based on different instruments used and population normative data. Objective This study aims to assess the cognitive function in a hospital-based cohort of Portuguese MS patients, to allow estimating the prevalence of cognitive impairment in different phenotypes. Metho...
Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) is an evidence-based instructional approach combining background knowledge, writing, and self-regulation strategies to improve students' writing motivation and performance. While the positive impact of SRSD on writing performance variables is well-established, mixed findings were found for motivational variables, namely self-efficacy. In addition, the impact of SRSD on...
IntroductionThe triple task (TT) is a method for assessing the dynamics of writing processes. It involves three tasks in one: writing a text, responding to a sound, and reporting the process. Previous research has mostly shown that the TT does not affect the writing process or the product. However, individuals with dyslexia often show difficulties in tasks that require organization, automation, integration of m...
Implicit theories have important implications for students' achievement goals and academic achievement. The Writer(s)-within-community model by Graham (2018) postulates that motivational beliefs stored in the longterm memory, such as implicit theories and achievement goals, influence how one approaches a writing task. Notwithstanding, few empirical studies examined the relations among implicit theories, achieve...