Human-animal interactions can either negatively or positively influence psychological and physiological parameters that are critical to human health and well-being. This chapter provides a comprehensive review on the psychological effects of the presence of companion animals and the connections between animal ownership, physical activity and health outcomes, while also covering the potential harms of human-anim...
This study evaluated whether the effect of tiotropium on the change in trough forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), vs. placebo, is affected by smoking status. In a 3-month, double-blind study in 31 centres in Portugal, 311 (289 completed) patients were randomised to tiotropium 18 microg once daily or placebo. Baseline mean (standard deviation (SD)) FEV1 was 1.11 (0.39) l in the tiotropium group and 1.13 (0.39...