The 8-zone Lung US protocol is efficient to evaluate patients prior to HD sessions. There is a good correlation between the total number of B lines determined by the 8-zone protocol and bioimpedance parameters such as TBW, ECW, and normalized OH. This demonstrates that the 8-zone protocol can effectively be used in routine evaluations of HD patients. Although these techniques reflect different over-fluid compar...
Idiopathic calcium stone disease is the most frequent type of nephrolithiasis in industrialised countries. Several metabolic, environmental and genetic factors have described and may be involved in its pathogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate the factors that contribute to idiopathic calcium stone disease in Portugal.To characterise the Portuguese population with idiopathic recurrent calcium stone dise...
Paraquat, widely used as a contact herbicide is, in some environments (meanly rural), the principal mean of suicide. Commercially known as Gramoxone, it was sintetyzed for the first time in 1882 and its herbicide properties were not discovered until 1955. The authors made a literature review and describe the historic perspective, physicochemical properties, clinic aspects, prognosis factors and treatment and, f...