Stone deterioration is significantly influenced by the process of salt crystallisation. The expansion of salt crystals on a porous framework exerts pressure on the solid fraction, causing the stone to deteriorate when the internal pressure of salt surpasses the stone’s strength. Protective coatings are employed to effectively hinder or substantially reduce the penetration of water and saline solutions. This stu...
The evaluation of stone cladding material suitability can be a challenge due to the way that stone physical and mechanical properties, and characteristics such as mineralogy, might influence stone performance as a cladding element in a ventilated facade application. Salts can affect natural stone performance, and one of the experimental methods available to study and predict it is through accelerated aging test...
The production of urban solid wastes (USW) are constantly growing, carrying a huge impact on the environment and society. To try to mitigate these problems, ecological ceramic test-pieces, with the incorporation of ashes resulting from the incineration of urban solid waste, were carried out and tested. In this way, it was intended to study the effect of the increase of the firing temperature from 900 ºC to 1000...