11 documents found, page 1 of 2

Unravelling a novel role for cannabidivarin in the modulation of subventricular...

Postnatal neurogenesis has been shown to rely on the endocannabinoid system. Here we aimed at unravelling the role of Cannabidivarin (CBDV), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, with high affinity for the non-classical cannabinoid receptor TRPV1, on subventricular zone (SVZ) postnatal neurogenesis. Using the neurosphere assay, SVZ-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) were incubated with CBDV and/or 5'-Iodore...

Sustained hippocampal neural plasticity questions the reproducibility of an amy...

Background: The use of Alzheimer's disease (AD) models obtained by intracerebral infusion of amyloid-β (Aβ) has been increasingly reported in recent years. Nonetheless, these models may present important challenges. Objective: We have focused on canonical mechanisms of hippocampal-related neural plasticity to characterize a rat model obtained by an intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of soluble amyloid-β42 ...

Regulation of hippocampal postnatal and adult neurogenesis by adenosine A2A rec...

Adenosine A2A receptor (A2A R) activation modulates several brain processes, ranging from neuronal maturation to synaptic plasticity. Most of these actions occur through the modulation of the actions of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In this work, we studied the role of A2A Rs in regulating postnatal and adult neurogenesis in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Here, we show that...

The mitochondrial antioxidant Sirtuin3 cooperates with lipid metabolism to safe...

Neural stem cells (NSCs), crucial for memory in the adult brain, are also pivotal to buffer depressive behavior. However, the mechanisms underlying the boost in NSC activity throughout life are still largely undiscovered. Here, we aimed to explore the role of deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a central player in mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative protection, in the fate of NSC under aging and depression-like c...

Pathophysiology of aniridia-associated keratopathy: developmental aspects and u...

Aniridia, a rare congenital disease, is often characterized by a progressive, pronounced limbal insufficiency and ocular surface pathology termed aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK). Due to the characteristics of AAK and its bilateral nature, clinical management is challenging and complicated by the multiple coexisting ocular and systemic morbidities in aniridia. Although it is primarily assumed that AAK orig...

Function of nuclear steroid receptors in apoptosis

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents Bax-induced membrane perturbation and cytoch...

Biochemistry, 2003, 42 (10), pp 3070–3080 DOI: 10.1021/bi026979d; Bax is a potent pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family that localizes to the mitochondrial membrane during apoptosis. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) modulates the apoptotic threshold, in part, by preventing Bax translocation both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms by which Bax induces and TUDCA inhibits release of cytochrome c are ...

Membrane structural changes support the involvement of mitochondria in the bile...

Clin Sci (Lond). 2002 Nov;103(5):475-85; The accumulation of toxic bile salts within the hepatocyte plays a key role in organ injury during liver disease. Deoxycholate (DC) and glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC) induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, perhaps through direct perturbation of mitochondrial membrane structure and function. In contrast, ursodeoxycholate (UDC) and its taurine-conjugated form (TUDC) appear ...

Bilirubin directly disrupts membrane lipid polarity and fluidity, protein order...

Background/Aims: Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) impairs crucial aspects of cell function and induces apoptosis in primary cultured neurones. While mechanisms of cytotoxicity begin to unfold, mitochondria appear as potential primary targets. Methods: We used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis of isolated rat mitochondria to test the hypothesis that UCB physically interacts with mitochondria to i...

Release of cytochrome C with the interaction of bilirubin, amyloid beta-peptide...

The pathogenesis of cholestasis, bilirubin encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease appears to result from accumulation of diverse cytotoxic agents, which in turn may cause apoptotic cell death. In addition, mitochondria has lately been considered as a central executioner of programmed cell death, through the release of caspase activating factors. The aims of this study were to: (a) investigate mitochondrial per...