Glutamate and the selective agonists at ionotropic glutamate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) and kainate release ATP from superfused primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes. The mechanism of this release was investigated. The release of ATP elicited by N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate was abolished or greatly reduced in the absence of external calc...
The release of ATP was studied in cultures of astrocytes derived from the brain hemispheres of newborn rats. There was a basal efflux of ATP, which was increased up to 19-fold by glutamate (300-1000 mu M), N-methyl-D-aspartate (20-500 mu M), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA; 30-100 mu M) and kainate (20 mu M). The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-selective antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonope...