Ion interference including copper (Cu+)/calcium (Ca2+) overload activate cell-specific death channels, damage mitochondria and disrupt cellular homeostasis, showing great potential in anti-tumor therapy. However, the complex metabolic environment and the powerful self-protection of tumors cause clinical failure of ion interference. Thus, metabolic disruption is expected an innovative strategy for the enhancemen...
Immune activation has been widely recognized to promote anti-tumor effects in vivo. However, in previous anti-tumor studies of combined photo/immunotherapy, the tumor apoptosis pathway is widely regarded as an independent process, which led to an incomplete understanding of the anti-tumor mechanisms of the immune system during phototherapy. Herein, the decisive role of immune activation for the anti-tumor effec...