AimThe aim of this article was to evaluate the influence of different demand-side measures to enhance the prescribing of generics in ambulatory care based on cross-national comparisons. Methods An observational retrospective study was conducted using administrative databases from across Europe, documenting changes in reimbursed utilization and expenditure of different proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and statins b...
Background NPM market is growing at higher rates than the average pharmaceutical market. In Portugal, non-prescription medicines (NPM) are available, since 2005, outside pharmacies and there is no list Pharmacy-Only Medicines (POM). The first centralized switch (orlistat) opened the door for a new generation of NPM. ObjectivesTo describe: the EU context related to distribution channels and Pharmacy-Only status ...
BackgroundRevisions were made to the pharmaceutical policy in Portugal, aimed at decreasing prices and contributing to lower expenditure. A new margin system was introduced, in 2012, for pharmacies and wholesalers. AimsTo assess: costs associated to dispensing and other services; the proportion of purchased medicines on total prescribed; the perception of pharmacists and patients regarding changes in access and...
BackgroundIn view of the current financial and demographic situation in Portugal, accessibility to health care may be affected, including the ability to adhere to medication. Objective To evaluate the perceived effects of the crisis on elderly patient’s access to medicines and medical care, and its implications on medicine-taking behaviour. Setting Community pharmacy. Method: A cross-sectional study was undertak...
ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost-benefit studies of DPP-4 inhibitors for diabetes treatment versus other antidiabetics. Methods Three investigators searched the CRD York, Tufts CEA Registry, and MEDLINE databases through 2015. We reviewed all potentially relevant titles and abstracts, and screened full-text articles, according to inclusion criteria. We establ...
BackgroundCommunity pharmacies are major contributors to health care systems across the world. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate community pharmacies services in health care. The purpose of this study was to estimate the social and economic benefits of current and potential future community pharmacies services provided by pharmacists in health care in Portugal. Methods The social and economic valu...
ObjectiveThe pharmacies and wholesalers’ remuneration system for the provision of medicines in Portugal went under structural changes with the Memorandum of Understanding in 2011, which intensified the degree of public pharmaceutical expenditure reduction requirements, in exchange for the financial international assistance. The objectives of the present study were: to provide an overview of the changes, its imp...
Background: Community pharmacies are major contributors to health care systems across the world. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate community pharmacies services in health care. The purpose of this study was to estimate the social and economic benefits of current and potential future community pharmacies services provided by pharmacists in health care in Portugal. Methods: The social and economic v...