47 documents found, page 1 of 5

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O pacto ecológico europeu no contexto das crises climática, pandémica e de segu...

Bongardt, Annette; Torres, Francisco

The European Green Deal (EGD) constitutes a paradigm shift in European integration, giving priority to climate neutrality. The EGD provides a coherent narrative on climate and sustainability, which encompasses all other, including previously unrelated, policy areas. Environmental protection is now framed as making economic sense and considered in the context of economic development. The two latest crises were m...


The case for Economic and Monetary Union: Europe and Portugal

Torres, Francisco

Although not all future EMU members have similar economic structures, more economic integration may actually reduce rather than aggravate their vulnerability to asymmetric shocks. On the other hand, in Europe labour mobility is low, but wages respond quite rapidly to price movements. In some countries, such as Portugal, wages respond not only to prices but also to Unemployment. Portugal should therefore aim at ...

Date: 2025   |   Origin: Nação e Defesa

European integration through open-ended mechanisms

Torres, Francisco

The book analyses the building of the European Union’s governance framework from the point of view of the sustainability of the European integration process. It departs from the premise that the evolution of that framework hinges on some degree of preference convergence to have occurred or to occur. It addresses two fundamental EU institutions that were built as open-ended mechanisms: Economic and Monetary Unio...


Sobre a Lógica e Termos da Saída do Reino Unido da União Europeia

Bongardt , Annette; Torres, Francisco

Ao longo dos anos o Reino Unido (RU) acumulou privilégios e exceções, obstruindo permanentemente o processo de integração europeia. Em 29 de março de 2017 invocou o artigo 50 para a saída da União Europeia (UE), decisão democrática que envolveu um referendo, confirmado várias vezes no Parlamento por maiorias esmagadoras e pelo resultado das eleições gerais de junho de 2017. Trata-se de um desenvolvimento positi...

Date: 2024   |   Origin: Nação e Defesa

O pacto ecológico europeu no contexto das crises climática, pandémica e de segu...

Bongardt, Annette; Torres, Francisco

The European Green Deal (EGD) constitutes a paradigm shift in European integration, giving priority to climate neutrality. The EGD provides a coherent narrative on climate and sustainability, which encompasses all other, including previously unrelated, policy areas. Environmental protection is now framed as making economic sense and considered in the context of economic development. The two latest crises were m...



Lessons on the political economy of European integration: selected topics

Bongardt, Annette; Torres, Francisco

This book applies a political economy lens and an interdisciplinary approach to the European integration process, analysing its sustainability. It aims at complementing the lectures on the topic in order to capacitate students to critically analyse the on-going processes of European integration as well as the current challenges facing the EU. It discusses the evolution of European integration in terms of its va...


The European Green Deal at the core of the EU’s and EMU’s sustainability

Torres, Francisco

An initial convergence of preferences made the European Green Deal (EGD) possible. However, the revision of all policy areas in line with the objectives and a conducive trajectory of the green transition is proving a major challenge, above all because member state policies and actions are not consistent with the long-term policy objectives they had subscribed to in the first place. On the upside, EU institution...



The political economy of Europe's future and identity: integration in crisis mode

Bongardt, Annette; Torres, Francisco

Today’s European Union (EU) finds itself in a permanent crisis mode – crises appear no longer sequentially and time distant but overlap and reinforce each other and even interact. If, as Jean Monnet put it, Europe will be forged in crises and as the sum of the solutions adopted for those crises, it is also true that multiple, major crises affecting the EU at the same time do not only stretch but risk to overwhe...


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