Brain metastases (BM) are frequently found in cancer patients and, though their precise incidence is difficult to estimate, there is evidence for a correlation between BM and specific primary cancers, such as lung, breast, and skin (melanoma). Among all these, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed among women and, in this case, BM cause a critical reduction of the overall survival (OS), especially in t...
The incidence of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is increasing and the therapeutic arsenal available to fight it is insufficient. Brain metastases, in particular, represent a major challenge for chemotherapy as the impermeable nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents most drugs from targeting cells in the brain. For their ability to transpose biological membranes and transport a broad spectrum of bioacti...
We have developed a nanocarrier consisting of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) for combined delivery of two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry inhibitors, enfuvirtide (ENF) and protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). The intrinsic lipophilicity of ENF and PPIX, a fusion inhibitor and an attachment inhibitor, respectively, leads to their spontaneous incorporation into the lipid bilayer of the LUVs nanocarrier....
Viruses infect host cells through invasive entry mechanisms, ubiquitous to all viral families. Pathogenic enveloped viruses, such as the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the Measles virus (MV), depend on the interplay between viral envelope glycoproteins, cellular receptors and membrane lipids to infect cells. It is possible to block enveloped virus entry with entry inhibitors (EIs) which act prior to vir...
Measles remains one of the leading causes of child mortality worldwide and is re-emerging in some countries due to poor vaccine coverage, concomitant with importation of measles virus (MV) from endemic areas. The lack of specific chemotherapy contributes to negative outcomes, especially in infants or immunodeficient individuals. Fusion inhibitor peptides derived from the MV Fusion protein C-terminal Heptad Repe...
The impact of influenza virus infection is felt each year on a global scale when approximately 5−10% of adults and 20−30% of children globally are infected. While vaccination is the primary strategy for influenza prevention, there are a number of likely scenarios for which vaccination is inadequate, making the development of effective antiviral agents of utmost importance. Anti-influenza treatments with innovat...
Desde a sua descoberta, o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (VIH) tornou-se uma das principais preocupações da comunidade médica e científica mundial. Mais de 34 milhões de pessoas encontram-se infectadas em todo o mundo, sob o risco de contrair o Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA). Este estado imunocomprometido resulta de dois pontos críticos da patogenicidade lentiviral: a deplecção de linfócitos T ...