90 documents found, page 1 of 9

Biomonitorização humana e genotoxicidade ambiental: quatro décadas de investiga...

Departamento de Genética Humana do INSA pioneiro na caracterização molecular de...

Hazard identification and characterization of leachable chemicals from plastic ...

A recent study has suggested that plastics may contain more than 16,000 chemicals, including additives, processing aids, starting substances, intermediates and Non-Intentionally Added Substances. Plastic chemicals are released throughout the plastic life cycle, from production, use, disposal and recycling. Most of these chemicals have not been studied for potential hazardous properties for humans and in the env...

Toxinas da Alternaria em géneros alimentícios: uma preocupação ao nível da saúd...

As toxinas da Alternaria são metabolitos secundários produzidos por fungos do género Alternaria, que são agentes patogénicos e saprófitas comuns das plantas, com a capacidade de crescer numa ampla gama de temperaturas e níveis de humidade. Deste modo, estão amplamente distribuídos no ambiente e são contaminantes prevalentes em produtos agrícolas a nível mundial, causando danos pré e pós-colheita em frutas, vege...

The Effect of Nanomaterials on DNA Methylation: A Review

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that involves the addition of a methyl group to a cytosine residue in CpG dinucleotides, which are particularly abundant in gene promoter regions. Several studies have highlighted the role that modifications of DNA methylation may have on the adverse health effects caused by exposure to environmental toxicants. One group of xenobiotics that is increasingly present in o...

Assessing the Genotoxicity of Cellulose Nanomaterials in a Co-Culture of Human ...

Cellulose micro/nanomaterials (CMNMs) are innovative materials with a wide spectrum of industrial and biomedical applications. Although cellulose has been recognized as a safe material, the unique properties of its nanosized forms have raised concerns about their safety for human health. Genotoxicity is an endpoint that must be assessed to ensure that no carcinogenic risks are associated with exposure to nanoma...

Epigenomics as a novel approach to explore the toxic effects of nanomaterials

In recent years, there has been a huge development of innovative engineered nanomaterials with potential use in industrial and biomedical applications. This increased widespread use raised concerns that nanomaterials may elicit human adverse health effects through occupational, environmental or consumer exposure. Many toxicity studies, mainly in vitro, have showed that some nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotub...

Assessing the Genotoxicity of Cellulose Nanomaterials in a Co-Culture of Human ...

Cellulose micro/nanomaterials (CMNMs) are innovative materials with a wide spectrum of industrial and biomedical applications. Although cellulose has been recognized as a safe material, the unique properties of its nanosized forms have raised concerns about their safety for human health. Genotoxicity is an endpoint that must be assessed to ensure that no carcinogenic risks are associated with exposure to nanoma...

Global DNA methylation and Reactive Oxygen Species assessment after in vitro ex...

Innovative cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) find applications in multiple food-related products. However, it is recognized that nanomaterials (NMs) may cause adverse effects frequently by biological mechanisms that include production of intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS), or epigenetic alterations, by changes in gene expression through alterations in DNA methylation. To contribute to the safety assessment of...

Effects of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Genome-Wide Methylation of Human Epithelia...

Introduction: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) have multiple applications in industry (e.g., engineering, cosmetics, food additives), and biomedicine (e.g., targeted drug delivery and biosensing). Food-grade TiO2 (E171) is applied as a food additive to whiten and improve the opacity of food products, while also having the ability to enhance its flavour. In 2021, EU member states banned E171 from all food...