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Acute Toxicity Assessment: Macroscopic and Ultrastructural Effects in Mice Trea...

Abal, P; Louzao, M; Vilariño, N; Vieytes, M; Botana, L

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is an extremely toxic marine compound produced by different genera of bacteria that can reach humans through ingestion mainly of pufferfish but also of other contaminated fish species, marine gastropods or bivalves. TTX blocks voltage-gated sodium channels inhibiting neurotransmission, which in severe cases triggers cardiorespiratory failure. Although TTX has been responsible for many human i...


Human Poisoning from Marine Toxins: Unknowns for Optimal Consumer Protection

Vilariño, N; Louzao, M; Abal, P; Cagide, E; Carrera, C; Vieytes, M; Botana, L

Marine biotoxins are produced by aquatic microorganisms and accumulate in shellfish or finfish following the food web. These toxins usually reach human consumers by ingestion of contaminated seafood, although other exposure routes like inhalation or contact have also been reported and may cause serious illness. This review shows the current data regarding the symptoms of acute intoxication for several toxin cla...


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