Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are now the standard of care in the treatment of metastatic melanoma (mM). The interplay between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment cells (e.g. immune cells) impacts cancer cell survival, local invasion, and metastatic dissemination. Chrono-immunotherapy is an emergin...
Deescalation strategies omitting anthracyclines (AC) have been explored in early human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer (HER2+ EBC), showing similar efcacy regarding pathological complete response (pCR) and long-term outcomes as AC-containing regimens. The standard treatment for this tumor subtype is based on chemotherapy and dual HER2 blockade with trastuzumab and pertuzumab, with AC-c...
INTRODUÇÃO O adenocarcinoma do pâncreas (PDAC) apresenta-se como um tumor sólido com prognóstico extremamente desfavorável, tendo uma sobrevida global (OS) aos 5 anos de aproximadamente 5%. Na doença metastizada, os esquemas de quimioterapia (QT) aprovados em primeira linha são variados, maioritariamente à base de platino ou gemcitabina. O índice de resposta inflamatória sistémica (SIRI) consiste num scor...