A new species of Ancistrus is described from minor tributaries of the río Madre de Dios basin (Cusco-Madre de Dios-Puno), in Peru. The new species shares with A. greeni an uncommon unicusp dentition; but it is distinguished from A. greeni by a larger orbital diameter, deeper caudal peduncle, and larger adipose-fin spine. The redescription of A. greeni is provided, and its recognition along with the discovery of...
Using the most comprehensive fish occurrence database, we evaluated the importance of ecological and historical drivers in diversity patterns of subdrainage basins across the Amazon system. Linear models reveal the influence of climatic conditions, habitat size and sub-basin isolation on species diversity. Unexpectedly, the species richness model also highlighted a negative upriver-downriver gradient, contrary ...