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This paper develops a new reading, based on interdisciplinary intersections between history, geography and tourism, making use of a logic of deconstruction of the discourse of a book edited in 1867 by João Chagas, By tramway – Some aspects of Brazilian civilization. This somewhat forgotten work, a travel book in essence, brings us new practices of observation on the city and its social universe, making use of the concept of flâneur, in transition to the phenomenon of tourism, then just emerging. The analysis allows us to revisit Rio de Janeiro in the late nineteenth century in its functionality and spatial reorganization.