Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will describe the ekpyrotic scenario, which is an alternative to inflation, inspired from string theory, defined in a 2001 paper by Khoury, Ovrut, Steinhardt and Turok. The general idea is that we have two “end of the world” branes that move towards each other in a fifth direction, an...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will present the evidence for Dark Matter, and the resulting “Standard Model of Cosmology,” the Λ CDM model (cosmological constant plus cold dark matter). Dark Matter is what the name suggests, matter that is dark, i.e., non-luminous. That is, matter that we cannot detect from emitted...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-01; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); In this work, we tested machine learning algorithms in classifying wat...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will present problems with the standard cosmology, before the advent of the inflationary paradigm, and then we will see how they are solved by inflation.; Instituto de Física Teórica UNESP; Instituto de Física Teórica UNESP
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will finally start describing string theory. String theory is a theory of relativistic strings. That means, it is not like violin strings, or cosmic strings, which are essentially non-relativistic and as a result can have compression modes, along the string. Also, unlike them, they re...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will describe the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its anisotropy. After describing the CMBR kinematics, we will see how primordial perturbations, in particular curvature perturbations, that were already observed, are described and propagate, and how they influence the CMBR.;...
Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T14:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000305307000004.pdf: 224251 bytes, checksum: ad832f37dbd1804429de3fe43307203c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01; Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000305307000004.pdf: 224251 bytes, checksum: ad832f37dbd1804429de3fe43307203c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01; Submitted by Vitor S...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter we will consider holographic approaches to cosmology, that is, to take advantage of the duality to a weakly coupled (therefore calculable) field theory provided by the AdS/CFT correspondence and its generalizations, gauge/gravity duality, in order to calculate the behaviour near the stro...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In this chapter, we will study the relativistic point particle, from the point of view of its “worldline”, i.e., its path as it moves in spacetime. The purpose it to put it in a way that we can then generalize, to define string theory. Indeed, if we only think clearly enough about some mechanism for the...
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01; In the previous chapter, we have described the classical theory of strings, from the point of view of their worldsheet. Here we will describe the way to quantize them, using a particular gauge called light-cone gauge.; Instituto de Física Teórica UNESP; Instituto de Física Teórica UNESP