This art icle presents a summary descript ion of the long t radition and evolut ion of Public Health educat ion at the Inst ituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT) that has emerged from an integrated act ivity of the teaching offer at the School of Tropical Medicine and at the subsequent inst itutes. That collaborat ive offer remained for over a century and resulted in a teaching act ivity grounded in a st ...
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The present paper discusses the impact of restrictive policies dictated by Troika on Greece’s health care system. The majority of the measures introduced during the first wave of reforms (2010-2014), were fiscal consolidation measures resulting in increasing barriers to access to health services and a deterioration of the health of the population. Policies likely to promote health care system goals such as univ...
Ireland’s health care system is a weak Beveridgean system with no entitlement to free care and substantial acute waiting lists. Just under half the population has voluntary private health insurance and there is a two-tier access to acute care with dual practice consultants. Ireland experienced a multifaceted and severe economic crisis from 2008. From late 2010 until late 2013, the government was fo...
In 2011, Portugal signed a financial rescue plan that included a Memorandum of Understanding to reduce the deficit and the public debt, and contain the growth of public spending. Health sector policies included changes in the financing of the NHS and public sub-systems, pharmaceutical market and pharmacies, prescription and monitoring of prescription, centralization of purchasing and public hiring, primar...
Economic and fiscal crisis and political instability has put the Italian health system under strain during the 2010-2014 period that saw accelerated ongoing political changes. Government interventions in the Italian NHS have taken the form of either urgent decrees or measures in the annual state budget law rather than systematic reforms and have mostly consisted in caps on specific spending areas [1]. At the sa...
The economic crisis (2009-2014) and the austerity policies (2010- …) have notably affected Spanish society, its public services and the public health system. Unemployment and labor regulation has deteriorated the labor market, creating poverty and inequality, and consolidating low salaries, part-time work and contractual precariousness. No short-term impact on health (morbi-mortality and perceived health) was o...