Introduction: The armed conflict in Cabo Delgado, in northern Mozambique, which began in 2017, has had a severe impact on the provision of public healthcare, altering the functionality of the health network and the population's access to essential care. The health situation of displaced populations was further aggravated by tropical cyclones and outbreaks of COVID-19 and cholera, which tested the response capac...
Introduction: Armed conflicts constitute systemic shocks that profoundly affect health systems, compromising infrastructure, the health workforce, financing and governance. However, history shows that their effects are not limited to destruction, and may trigger processes of institutional innovation, systemic reorganisation and, in certain contexts, the incorporation of adaptive capacities that can be reused in...
Introduction: The full-scale war in Ukraine, which began in February 2022, posed unprecedented challenges to the emergency medical services (EMS) system and necessitated its transformation. These changes occurred immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic, effectively against a backdrop of already limited resources. Key challenges affecting EMS operations included: a significant increase in civilian trauma cases; ...
"Solidarity, violence, forgetting: the three phases of Lesbos", a photographic exhibition open between December 2025 and January 2026 in Lisbon, uses the example of Lesbos to reflect on the evolution of migration policies in Europe over the last decade. On this Greek island, one centre for people on the move has been particularly notorious for the sanitary conditions in which it confined thousands of people on ...
Based on their organization’s experience, the authors address the entire process that leads an NGO to carry out an emergency mission, particularly in a conflict situation, from the initial decision to intervene to the mission’s conclusion. The text also addresses some of the factors that the authors believe have been exacerbating the difficulties of the context in which organizations operate and the risks for h...
This paper presents conceptual aspects and typologies of violence against girls and women, followed by some data on gender-based violence in Brazil. Recognizing violence as a complex and multi-causal phenomenon, with diverse impacts on women's lives that cannot be overcome by isolated sectors, the importance of inter-sectoral coordination is identified. To address the various aspects involved in violence agains...
Introduction: This essay reports on the efforts of the Brazilian Ministry of Health in developing and implementing strategies for the inclusion of black (black and mixed-race), indigenous, transgender, and disabled people in the institution's workforce, as well as the creation of programs and actions targeting the black population. Objective: The article describes the implementation of the anti-racist strategy ...
Introduction: Humanitarian crises, including natural disasters, pandemics, and wars, place healthcare systems under extreme stress and challenge their resilience, as well as their capacity to adjust and adapt. History shows critical events that have triggered medical and organizational innovation, from trauma protocols developed during wars to rapid response systems. Objective:To critically evaluate wheth...
At the 2026 conference of the Association of Medical Schools in Africa (AMSA), held in Lagos, Luís Gomes Sambo presented a broad reflection on the current challenges facing medical education and health systems development in Africa. Drawing on the profound epidemiological, demographic, and social transformations affecting the continent, the author highlights the urgent need to strengthen the capacity, qua...