Publicação
Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters
| Resumo: | While occupational exposure as a firefighter is considered a dangerous occupation, research on the underlying mechanisms remains limited, particularly in wildland firefighters. Inflammation, a key effect of wildfire expo- sure, plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. The current study aims to investigate the impact of wildland firefighting exposure on the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic biomarkers. A pre-post study design investigated 59 wildland firefighters comparing data collected after participation in a wildfire event (Phase II) with data obtained before wildfire season (Phase I). Data on demographics, lifestyle, health and occupational-related factors were assessed. Exposure factors, such as fire combat (e.g., exposure duration), were also registered. Inflammatory biomarkers (i.e. interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) and hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (1-OHNaph+1-OHAce, 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhen, 1-OHPyr) were analysed in blood and urine samples, respectively. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly increased after wildland fire combat. IL-8 levels were 2.62 times higher (95 % CI: 1.96–3.50; p < 0.01), whereas IL-6 levels were 1.25 times higher (95 % CI: 1.00–1.57; p = 0.04). Furthermore, IL-8 levels were significantly correlated with urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene levels and fire combat duration (>12 h). In addition, the mean hs-CRP level, in both phases, was above 3.0 mg/L, indicating a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Given the long-term health implications of fire- fighting occupational exposure, biomonitoring and early detection of occupational risks are essential for pro- tecting firefighters’ health. Protective measures must be urgently implemented to enhance occupational health and strengthen preventive strategies in this sector. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Esteves, Filipa |
| Outros Autores: | Madureira, Joana; Barros, Bela; Alves, Sara; Pires, Joana; Martins, Sandra; Oliveira, Marta; Vaz, Josiana A.; Slezakova, Klara; Pereira, Maria do Carmo; Fernandes, Adília; Morais, Simone; Guimarães, João Tiago; Bonassi, Stefano; Teixeira, João Paulo; Costa, Solange |
| Assunto: | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso embargado |
| Instituição associada: | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| _version_ | 1867173317464555520 |
|---|---|
| author | Esteves, Filipa |
| author2 | Madureira, Joana Barros, Bela Alves, Sara Pires, Joana Martins, Sandra Oliveira, Marta Vaz, Josiana A. Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Fernandes, Adília Morais, Simone Guimarães, João Tiago Bonassi, Stefano Teixeira, João Paulo Costa, Solange |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Esteves, Filipa Madureira, Joana Barros, Bela Alves, Sara Pires, Joana Martins, Sandra Oliveira, Marta Vaz, Josiana A. Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Fernandes, Adília Morais, Simone Guimarães, João Tiago Bonassi, Stefano Teixeira, João Paulo Costa, Solange |
| author_role | author |
| contributor_name_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Esteves, Filipa\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Madureira, Joana\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Barros, Bela\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Alves, Sara\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Pires, Joana\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Martins, Sandra\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Oliveira, Marta\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Vaz, Josiana A.\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0002-6989-1169\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Slezakova, Klara\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Pereira, Maria do Carmo\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Fernandes, Adília\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0003-1658-4509\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Morais, Simone\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Guimarães, João Tiago\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Bonassi, Stefano\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Teixeira, João Paulo\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Costa, Solange\"}] |
| datacite.contributors.contributor.contributorName.fl_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Esteves, Filipa Madureira, Joana Barros, Bela Alves, Sara Pires, Joana Martins, Sandra Oliveira, Marta Vaz, Josiana A. Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Fernandes, Adília Morais, Simone Guimarães, João Tiago Bonassi, Stefano Teixeira, João Paulo Costa, Solange |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-13T15:18:45Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-13T15:18:45Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf |
| datacite.subjects.subject.fl_str_mv | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Esteves, Filipa Madureira, Joana Barros, Bela Alves, Sara Pires, Joana Martins, Sandra Oliveira, Marta Vaz, Josiana A. Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Fernandes, Adília Morais, Simone Guimarães, João Tiago Bonassi, Stefano Teixeira, João Paulo Costa, Solange |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-13T15:18:45Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-13T15:18:45Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/34601 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
| dc.rights.cclincense.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| description | While occupational exposure as a firefighter is considered a dangerous occupation, research on the underlying mechanisms remains limited, particularly in wildland firefighters. Inflammation, a key effect of wildfire expo- sure, plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. The current study aims to investigate the impact of wildland firefighting exposure on the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic biomarkers. A pre-post study design investigated 59 wildland firefighters comparing data collected after participation in a wildfire event (Phase II) with data obtained before wildfire season (Phase I). Data on demographics, lifestyle, health and occupational-related factors were assessed. Exposure factors, such as fire combat (e.g., exposure duration), were also registered. Inflammatory biomarkers (i.e. interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) and hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (1-OHNaph+1-OHAce, 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhen, 1-OHPyr) were analysed in blood and urine samples, respectively. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly increased after wildland fire combat. IL-8 levels were 2.62 times higher (95 % CI: 1.96–3.50; p < 0.01), whereas IL-6 levels were 1.25 times higher (95 % CI: 1.00–1.57; p = 0.04). Furthermore, IL-8 levels were significantly correlated with urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene levels and fire combat duration (>12 h). In addition, the mean hs-CRP level, in both phases, was above 3.0 mg/L, indicating a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Given the long-term health implications of fire- fighting occupational exposure, biomonitoring and early detection of occupational risks are essential for pro- tecting firefighters’ health. Protective measures must be urgently implemented to enhance occupational health and strengthen preventive strategies in this sector. |
| dirty | 0 |
| eu_rights_str_mv | embargoedAccess |
| format | article |
| fulltext.url.fl_str_mv | https://bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt/bitstreams/39aa4c05-3192-4ca9-9ef9-91b7ad2cfd74/download |
| funding.funder.alternateName_str_mv | FCT FCT |
| funding.funder.identifier_str_mv | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 |
| funding.funder.name_str_mv | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| funding.name_str_mv | 6817 - DCRRNI ID 6817 - DCRRNI ID |
| id | ipb_a1378645042e1c2c12e244378db458cd |
| identifier.url.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/34601 |
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| institution | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| instname_str | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | ipb |
| network_name_str | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/34601 |
| organization_str_mv | urn:organizationAcronym:ipb |
| person_str_mv | Esteves, Filipa Madureira, Joana Barros, Bela Alves, Sara Pires, Joana Martins, Sandra Oliveira, Marta Vaz, Josiana A. Vaz, Josiana A. https://www.ciencia-id.pt/171B-88BA-64F5 171B-88BA-64F5 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6989-1169 0000-0002-6989-1169 Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Fernandes, Adília Fernandes, Adília https://www.ciencia-id.pt/0514-76CD-8CCF 0514-76CD-8CCF http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-4509 0000-0003-1658-4509 Morais, Simone Guimarães, João Tiago Bonassi, Stefano Teixeira, João Paulo Costa, Solange |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
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| spelling | engElsevierengWhile occupational exposure as a firefighter is considered a dangerous occupation, research on the underlying mechanisms remains limited, particularly in wildland firefighters. Inflammation, a key effect of wildfire expo- sure, plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. The current study aims to investigate the impact of wildland firefighting exposure on the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic biomarkers. A pre-post study design investigated 59 wildland firefighters comparing data collected after participation in a wildfire event (Phase II) with data obtained before wildfire season (Phase I). Data on demographics, lifestyle, health and occupational-related factors were assessed. Exposure factors, such as fire combat (e.g., exposure duration), were also registered. Inflammatory biomarkers (i.e. interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) and hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (1-OHNaph+1-OHAce, 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhen, 1-OHPyr) were analysed in blood and urine samples, respectively. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly increased after wildland fire combat. IL-8 levels were 2.62 times higher (95 % CI: 1.96–3.50; p < 0.01), whereas IL-6 levels were 1.25 times higher (95 % CI: 1.00–1.57; p = 0.04). Furthermore, IL-8 levels were significantly correlated with urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene levels and fire combat duration (>12 h). In addition, the mean hs-CRP level, in both phases, was above 3.0 mg/L, indicating a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Given the long-term health implications of fire- fighting occupational exposure, biomonitoring and early detection of occupational risks are essential for pro- tecting firefighters’ health. Protective measures must be urgently implemented to enhance occupational health and strengthen preventive strategies in this sector.application/pdfengImpact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefightersEsteves, FilipaMadureira, JoanaBarros, BelaAlves, SaraPires, JoanaMartins, SandraOliveira, MartaPersonalVaz, Josiana A.DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/1c1a2cb9-5a36-47ba-bca0-ffcbef28df18DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/1c1a2cb9-5a36-47ba-bca0-ffcbef28df18VazJosiana A.Ciência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt171B-88BA-64F5ORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0002-6989-1169Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com16305323200Slezakova, KlaraPereira, Maria do CarmoPersonalFernandes, AdíliaDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/bdfceda8-18d6-4b63-b6f9-d3870cd0dbb0DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/bdfceda8-18d6-4b63-b6f9-d3870cd0dbb0FernandesAdíliaCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt0514-76CD-8CCFORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0003-1658-4509Researcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comV-8399-2017Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com56489572200Morais, SimoneGuimarães, João TiagoBonassi, StefanoTeixeira, João PauloCosta, SolangeHostingInstitutionOrganizationalBiblioteca Digital do IPBe-mailmailto:dspace@ipb.ptdspace@ipb.ptISSNIsPartOf0013-9351DOIIsPartOf10.1016/j.envres.2025.1216082025-06-13T15:18:45Z20252025-01-01T00:00:00ZHandlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/34601http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cfembargoed accessWildland firefightersInflammationCytokinesBiomarkersWoodsmoke exposureFirefighting1282930 bytesFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaEpidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto6817 - DCRRNI IDCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health6817 - DCRRNI IDCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871literaturehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501journal article2025http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cfapplication/pdffulltexthttps://bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt/bitstreams/39aa4c05-3192-4ca9-9ef9-91b7ad2cfd74/downloadEnvironmental Research27719 |
| spellingShingle | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters Esteves, Filipa Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| status | SINGLETON |
| subject.fl_str_mv | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| title | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| title_full | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| title_fullStr | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| title_short | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| title_sort | Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters |
| topic | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| topic_facet | Wildland firefighters Inflammation Cytokines Biomarkers Woodsmoke exposure Firefighting |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/34601 |
| visible | 1 |