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Psychophysiological correlates of attachment organization : linear and non-linear analysis of autonomic regulation during the adult attachment interview

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Resumo:During the last half century, Attachment Theory reached an evermore crucial place inside developmental psychology. In fact, since Bowlby's theoretical groundwork (1962/82, 1973, 1980) in association with Ainsworth's empirical drives (e.g., 1967, 1982, 1983), attachment research grew astonishingly fast not only to explain the normative processes of human development, but also considering psychopathological processes. As an extension of the research, lately, there has been a rising interest on the role of biological measures (electrodermal and cardiac activity) and their relationship with adult attachment organization (Dozier & Kobak, 1992; Roisman, Tsai & Chiang, 2004; Roisman, 2007). Under this umbrella, the present study aims to explore, with linear and nonlinear data analysis models, the relationship between attachment organization and autonomic activity in an non-clinical context. The sample comprised 50 female participants from the north of Portugal, aged between 17 and 27 (M = 21.20, SD = 3.26), which were monitored, with a multimedia system (Bio-Dual channel and Representation of Attachment Multimedia System), for skin conductance and heart rate while answering to the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI, George, Kaplan & Main, 1985). The AAI was scored with Kobak's Q-sort method (Kobak, 1993), allowing to classify each participant in three attachment patterns (secure, dismissing or preoccupied), and two attachment strategies (security vs. insecurity and hyperactivation vs. deactivation). The results, using a linear data analysis approach based on the mean, evidenced an attachment organization patterns differentiation, throughout the AAI questions, only for skin conductance, but not for heart rate. The non-linear data analysis approach, addressed the variability and sudden shifts not explained by the mean, revealed attachment organization differences in terms of heart rate in some of the critical attachment questions of the AAI. The analysis of the heart rate variability, using the LF/HF ration evidenced no differences at all between attachment patterns. The main results are discussed in terms of attachment theory and how the psychophysiological approach may contribute for a deeper understanding of the biological correlates of attachment.
Autores principais:Klein, John M.
Assunto:Attachment Adult attachment interview Attachment patterns Skin conductance Heart rate Vinculação Entrevista de vinculação do adulto Padrões de vinculação Condutância da pele Frequência cardíaca
Ano:2008
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:tese de doutoramento
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade do Minho
Idioma:inglês
Origem:RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho

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