Autor(es): Baptista, Eugénia ; Pereira, Cláudia S.G.P. ; García, Pablo A. ; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R. ; Barreira, João C.M.
Data: 2025
Identificador Persistente: http://hdl.handle.net/10198/31100
Origem: Biblioteca Digital do IPB
Assunto(s): Cholesterol biosynthesis and homeostasis; Metabolic disorders; Dyslipidaemia; Atherosclerosis; Healthy lifestyles; Functional foods and nutraceuticals
Dyslipidaemia is among the major causes of severe diseases and, despite being wellestablished, the hypocholesterolaemic therapies still face significant concerns about potential side effects (such as myopathy, myalgia, liver injury digestive problems, or mental fuzziness in some people taking statins), interaction with other drugs or specific foods. Accordingly, this review describes the latest developments in the most effective therapies to control and regulate dyslipidaemia. Scope and approach: Herein, the metabolic dynamics of cholesterol and their integration with the current therapies: statins, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL), or anti-inflammatory and immunemodulating therapies), were compared focusing their effectiveness, patients’ adhesion and typical side-effects. Likewise, the interaction of these therapies with recommended dietary habits, focusing functional foods and nutraceuticals uptake were also considered. Key findings and conclusions: Since none of the current therapeutic alternatives represent an ideal solution (mainly due to side-effects or patients’ tolerance), the potential adjuvant action of selected diets (and other healthy habits) was proposed as a way to improve the cholesterol-lowering effectiveness, while reducing the adverse effects caused by dose-increase or continuous uptake of alternating therapeutic agents. In general, the relevance of well-adapted diets must be acknowledged and their potential effects must be exhorted among patients, who need to be aware of the associated multifactorial advantages.
