Author(s):
Magno, Laio ; Silva, Lu?s Augusto V. da ; Guimar?es, Mark Drew Crosland ; Veras, Maria Am?lia de Sousa Mascena ; Deus, Luiz F?bio Alves de ; Leal, Andrea Fachel ; Knauth, Daniela Riva ; Brito, Ana Maria de ; Rocha, Gustavo Machado ; Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa ; Kendall, Carl ; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra ; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo ; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani ; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar ; Dourado, In?s Costa
Date: 2019
Origin: Oasisbr
Subject(s): Comportamento Sexual / psicologia; Sexismo; Discrimina??o Social / psicologia; Minorias Sexuais e de G?nero / estat?stica & dados num?ricos; Homossexualidade / psicologia; HIV / patogenicidade; Soropreval?ncia de HIV / estat?stica & dados num?ricos; Sa?de P?blica
Description
State University of Bahia. Department of Life Sciences. Salvador, BA, Brazil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health. Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health. Salvador, BA, Brazil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Humanities, Arts & Sciences Professor Milton Santos. Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Federal University of Minas Gerais. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Preventive and Social Medicine. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Santa Casa de S?o Paulo. Faculty of Medical Sciences. S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Graduate Program in Social and Institutional Psychology. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Institute of Philosophy and Human Sciences. Department of Sociology. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Social Medicine. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Instituto Aggeu Magalh?es. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Federal University of S?o Jo?o Del-Rei. Divin?polis, MG, Brazil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.
Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Center for Global Health Equity. New Orleans, LA, United States.
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition. Laboratory of Clinical Immunology. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.
Federal University of Cear?. Department of Community Health. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
University of Bras?lia. Department of Collective Health. Bras?lia, DF, Brazil.
Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health. Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Introduction: Discrimination based on sexual orientation can influence vulnerability to HIV, increasing exposure to risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM). Objectives: To analyze data using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with specific patterns of discrimination based on sexual orientation (DSO). Methods:Cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. LCA was used to characterize discrimination among MSM based on 13 variables in the survey questionnaire. The proportions of men reporting DSO and other variables of interest were estimated using Gile?s Successive Sampling estimator. Results:Most MSM were young, single, had a religion, had a high school or college degree, black or brown skin color, and socioeconomic status classified as average. More than half of the participants reported that they had been discriminated against during the last 12 months due to their sexual orientation (65%), more than a third said they had felt afraid of walking in public places during the past 12 months, and about one-fifth of participants reported having been victims of physical or sexual assault due to DSO. DSO was classified into four latent classes: ?very high?, ?high?, ?moderate? and ?low?, with estimates of 2.2%, 16.4%, 35.1%, and 46.19%, respectively. Conclusion: We observed a high proportion of discrimination against MSM in this study. The use of LCA differentiated parsimoniously classes of discrimination.
