Relationship of dietary pattern with body composition and symptoms in patients with COPD

• Author(s): Novo, T. ; Flora, S. ; Lages, M. ; Hipólito, N. ; Cebola, Marisa ; Guarino, M. P. ; Cruz, J.
• Date: 2022
• Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/16416
• Origin: Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
• Subject(s): COPD; Disease management; Systemic effect; Personalized medicine
• Document Type: Conference object
• Language: English
• Contributor(s): RCIPL

Description

This study explored the relationship of dietary patterns with body composition and symptoms in patients with COPD. Data collection included: dietary pattern – n. meals/day; period of the day of highest food intake (morning [6 AM–12 PM], afternoon [12–18 PM], and evening [18 PM–6 AM]); the time interval between meals (3-4h, 5-6h, 9-10h), and daily energy and nutrient intake using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (last 12 months); body composition – body mass index (BMI), % fat mass (%FM), % fat-free mass (%FFM), % total muscle mass (%MM), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and visceral fat index (VAT) (SECA mBCA 525); symptoms – dyspnoea (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, mMRC), fatigue (Checklist of Individual Strength, CIS20-P total score), impact of COPD (COPD Assessment Test, CAT). Pearson’s (r) or Spearman’s (ρ) correlations were conducted. 18 patients participated (16 males, 68±7 years old, FEV1 43±20% predicted, BMI 25±5kg/m2, FFMI 18±3kg/m2). Most participants reported having 3-4 meals/day (n=14, 78%) with a 3-4-hour interval (n=15, 83%). Moderate correlations were found between %FM and carbohydrates (ρ=-.501) and between FFMI and monosaturated fat (r=.476) (p<.05). Moderate correlations were also found between: mMRC, CAT, and CIS20-P with proteins, saturated fat, zinc, and phosphorus (.469≤ρ≤.634, p<.05); CAT and CIS20-P with calories and carbohydrates (.497≤ρ≤.551, p<.05); and CIS20-P and mMRC with sodium and calcium (.517≤ρ≤.551, p<.05). mMRC was also correlated with vitamin B12 (ρ=.506, p<.05). No other significant correlations were observed (p>.05). Energy and nutrient intake are related to COPD symptoms and body composition. The nature of these relationships should be explored.