Corporatism and Authoritarianism in Latin America: The First Wave

• Author(s): Pinto, Antonio Costa
• Date: 2022
• Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/51165
• Origin: Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
• Document Type: Book part
• Language: English
• Contributor(s): Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto da ULisboa

Description

Corporatism put an indelible mark on the first decades of the twentieth century- during the interwar period particularly-both as a set of institutions created by the forced integration of organized interests (mainly independent unions) into the state, and as an organic-statist type of politicaI representation, alternative to liberal democracy.l Variants of corporatism inspired conservative, radicalright, and fascist parties, not to mention the Roman Catholic Church. The so-called "third way" was favored by some sections of the technocratic elites, and even by some on the left of the politicaI spectrum. But it mainly inspired the institutional crafting of dictatorships, from Benito Mussolini's Italy through Primo de Rivera in Spain or the Uriburu dictatorship in Argentina and the New State in Brazil. Some of these dictatorships, such as Mussolini's Italy, made corporatism a universal alternative to economic liberalism, the symbol of a "fascist internationalism." ln fact, variants of corporatist ideology spread to the global world of dictatorships in the 1930s.