Author(s): Belinha, Ana ; Gaifem, Joana ; Mesquita, Inês Morais ; Silvestre, Ricardo Jorge Leal
Date: 2016
Persistent ID: https://hdl.handle.net/1822/46276
Origin: RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho
Subject(s): Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD?); Host-pathogen interaction; NAD?/NADH ratio; NADPH S; Sirtuins; L-tryptophan; NADPH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital molecule found in all living cells. NAD+ intracellular levels are dictated by its synthesis, using the de novo and/or salvage pathway, and through its catabolic use as co-enzyme or co-substrate. The regulation of NAD+ metabolism has proven to be an adequate drug target for several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative or inflammatory diseases. Increasing interest has been given to NAD+ metabolism during innate and adaptive immune responses suggesting that its modulation could also be relevant during host-pathogen interactions. While the maintenance of NAD+ homeostatic levels assures an adequate environment for host cell survival and proliferation, fluctuations in NAD+ or biosynthetic precursors bioavailability have been described during host-pathogen interactions, which will interfere with pathogen persistence or clearance. Here, we review the double-edged sword of NAD+ metabolism during host-pathogen interactions emphasizing its potential for treatment of infectious diseases.
