Author(s): Coelho, Sérgio ; Pinto, João ; Monteiro, Vítor Duarte Fernandes ; Afonso, João L.
Date: 2024
Persistent ID: https://hdl.handle.net/1822/92774
Origin: RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho
Subject(s): Electric vehicle; Electric mobility; Grid code; Charging mode; SoC management; Power electronics; EV standard
According to the increasing sales prospects and the ongoing technological advancements in the electric mobility sector, it has become imperative to establish standards for the infrastructure of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations (EVCS). Therefore, this chapter delves into the analysis of the most common grid codes under use, focusing on their contribution to the balancing of the electric system and to the interoperability between EVCS. Partially, it examines how these regulations ensure equitable conditions for all users, regardless of the location and time of charging. Simultaneously, this chapter explores potential power electronics solutions that, in conjunction with these protocols and load management techniques, enhance the power quality and the efficiency of EVCS. Nonetheless, it is crucial to select suitable safety and protection mechanisms for this purpose, while also evaluating fundamental mechanisms that contribute to extending battery lifecycle. In line with the energy market demand and the role of electric mobility in future smart grids, this work concludes by discussing how standards and regulations align with new operation modes for EV, with a specific focus on grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G).
